2004年佛罗里达飓风造成的心理后遗症：对灾后干预的启示
Psychological sequelae resulting from the 2004 Florida hurricanes: implications for postdisaster intervention.
作者信息
Acierno Ron, Ruggiero Kenneth J, Galea Sandro, Resnick Heidi S, Koenen Karestan, Roitzsch John, de Arellano Michael, Boyle John, Kilpatrick Dean G
机构信息
National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2007 Apr;97 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S103-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.087007. Epub 2007 Apr 5.
OBJECTIVES
Data are limited regarding mental health effects of disasters such as hurricanes. We sought to determine the prevalence of and major risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder, and major depressive episode 6 to 9 months after the 2004 Florida hurricanes.
METHODS
Random-digit dialing was used to recruit a representative population sample of 1452 hurricane-affected adults.
RESULTS
Posthurricane prevalence for PTSD was 3.6%, for generalized anxiety disorder was 5.5%, and for major depressive episode was 6.1%. Risk factors varied somewhat across disorders, with the exception of previous exposure to traumatic events, which increased risk of all negative outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Storm exposure variables and displacement were associated primarily with PTSD. Notably, high social support in the 6 months preceding the hurricanes protected against all types of disorders.
目的
关于飓风等灾害对心理健康的影响，相关数据有限。我们试图确定2004年佛罗里达飓风过后6至9个月时创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、广泛性焦虑症和重度抑郁发作的患病率及主要相关危险因素。
方法
采用随机数字拨号法招募了1452名受飓风影响的成年人作为具有代表性的人群样本。
结果
飓风过后，PTSD的患病率为3.6%，广泛性焦虑症为5.5%，重度抑郁发作为6.1%。除了既往有创伤事件暴露史会增加所有负面结果的风险外，不同障碍的危险因素略有不同。
结论
遭受风暴及流离失所主要与PTSD相关。值得注意的是，飓风来临前6个月的高社会支持可预防所有类型的障碍。
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