Stier Daniel D, Nicks Diane, Cowan Gregory J
Public Health Law Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Ga 30333, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2007 Apr;97 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S69-73. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.101881. Epub 2007 Apr 5.
The judicial branch's key roles, as guardian of civil liberties and protector of the rule of law, can be acutely relevant during public health emergencies when courts may need to issue orders authorizing actions to protect public health or restraining public health actions that are determined to unduly interfere with civil rights. Legal preparedness for public health emergencies, therefore, necessitates an understanding of the court system and how courts are involved in public health issues. In this article we briefly describe the court system and then focus on what public health practitioners need to know about the judicial system in a public health emergency, including the courts' roles and the consequent need to keep courts open during emergencies.
司法部门作为公民自由的守护者和法治的保护者，其关键作用在突发公共卫生事件期间可能极为重要，因为在此期间，法院可能需要发布命令，授权采取行动保护公众健康，或限制那些被认定过度干涉民权的公共卫生行动。因此，针对突发公共卫生事件的法律准备工作需要了解法院系统以及法院如何参与公共卫生问题。在本文中，我们将简要描述法院系统，然后重点阐述公共卫生从业者在突发公共卫生事件中需要了解的司法系统相关内容，包括法院的作用以及在紧急情况下保持法院开放的必要性。
