Yus Evaristo Sánchez, del Cerro Marta, Simón Raquel S, Herrera Marta, Rueda María
Dermatopathology Laboratory, Investigation Unit, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Am J Dermatopathol. 2007 Apr;29(2):141-51. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0b013e31803325b2.
In 1991, we tentatively introduced the classification of Ackerman and Magana-García for acquired melanocytic nevi in our laboratory. We soon realized that every acquired intradermal melanocytic nevus might be easily classified into either Unna's or Miescher's patterns and that this classification had both clinical implications and significant histological differences. The decisive discriminative feature between Unna's and Miescher's nevi is that Unna's nevus is an almost purely adventitial lesion confined to expanded papillary dermis and, many times, to the perifollicular dermis too. In Miescher's nevus melanocytes diffusely infiltrate both adventitial and reticular dermis in a wedge-shaped pattern. With these concepts in mind, every acquired intradermal melanocytic nevus can be easily classified as either Unna's or Miescher's. We studied 751 acquired melanocytic nevi; 458 (61%) of them were intradermal; of these, 234 were Unna's nevi and 224 were Miescher's nevi. Eighty- three per cent of the nevi from the head and neck were intradermal nevi, whereas on the trunk and limbs junction and compound nevi were the most frequent (56%). When intradermal nevi were divided into Unna's and Miescher's patterns, it resulted that 91% of Miescher's nevi located on the face and 94% of intradermal nevi on the face were Miescher's nevi. In contradistinction, 87% of the Unna's nevi located on the neck, trunk, and limbs, and 96% of intradermal nevi from these locations were Unna's nevi. Only on the scalp was there no clear predominance of one type of intradermal nevus. A series of other histological characteristics were significantly predominant (P = 0.000) in either Unna's or Miescher's nevi. Unna's nevi had more: junctional nests above the intradermal component (40% versus 20%), a radial pattern of intradermal nests (38% versus 0%), vascular-like clefts lined by nevus cells (48% versus 4%), and in depth maturation (94% versus 0%). Miescher's nevi had more: pilosebaceous follicles within the nevus (100% versus 51%), subnevis folliculitis (12% versus 1%), large isolated melanocytes along the basal epidermal layer (47% versus 11%), multinucleated nevocytes (89% versus 44%), and adipocytes within the nevus (53% versus 11%). In conclusion, Unna's and Miescher's nevi are 2 subsets of acquired melanocytic nevus with clinical implications and significant histological differences. A histogenetic hypothesis is proposed on the basis of their histological structure.
1991年,我们在实验室初步引入了阿克曼(Ackerman)和马加纳 - 加西亚(Magana-García)对获得性黑素细胞痣的分类方法。我们很快意识到,每一个获得性皮内黑素细胞痣都可以很容易地归类为昂纳(Unna)型或米舍尔(Miescher)型,而且这种分类既有临床意义,在组织学上也有显著差异。昂纳型和米舍尔型痣之间决定性的鉴别特征是,昂纳型痣几乎是纯粹的外膜性病变,局限于扩张的乳头真皮层,而且很多时候也局限于毛囊周围真皮层。在米舍尔型痣中,黑素细胞以楔形模式弥漫性浸润外膜和网状真皮层。基于这些概念,每一个获得性皮内黑素细胞痣都可以很容易地归类为昂纳型或米舍尔型。我们研究了751个获得性黑素细胞痣;其中458个(61%)是皮内痣;在这些皮内痣中,234个是昂纳型痣,224个是米舍尔型痣。头颈部的痣中有83%是皮内痣,而在躯干和四肢,交界痣和复合痣最为常见(56%)。当将皮内痣分为昂纳型和米舍尔型时,结果显示位于面部的米舍尔型痣占91%,面部的皮内痣中有94%是米舍尔型痣。相反,位于颈部、躯干和四肢的昂纳型痣占87%,这些部位的皮内痣中有96%是昂纳型痣。只有在头皮上,两种类型的皮内痣没有明显的优势。一系列其他组织学特征在昂纳型或米舍尔型痣中显著占优(P = 0.000)。昂纳型痣有更多:皮内成分上方的交界巢(40%对20%)、皮内巢的放射状模式(38%对0%)、由痣细胞衬里的血管样裂隙(48%对4%)以及深层成熟(94%对0%)。米舍尔型痣有更多:痣内的皮脂腺毛囊(100%对51%)、痣下毛囊炎(12%对1%)、沿基底表皮层的大的孤立黑素细胞(47%对11%)、多核痣细胞(89%对44%)以及痣内的脂肪细胞(53%对11%)。总之,昂纳型和米舍尔型痣是获得性黑素细胞痣的两个亚组,具有临床意义且在组织学上有显著差异。基于它们的组织结构提出了一个组织发生学假说。