Sestini S
Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Nuclear Medicine Unit, Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce, Piazza Ospedale 5, 59100 Prato, Italy.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007 Jul;64(14):1778-84. doi: 10.1007/s00018-007-7056-4.
Functional imaging techniques such as positron and single-photon emission tomography exploit the relationship between neural activity, energy demand and cerebral blood flow to functionally map the brain. Despite the fact that neurobiological processes are not completely understood, several results have revealed the signals that trigger the metabolic and vascular changes accompanying variations in neural activity. Advances in this field have demonstrated that release of the major excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate initiates diverse signaling processes between neurons, astrocytes and blood perfusion, and that this signaling is crucial for the occurrence of brain imaging signals. Better understanding of the neural sites of energy consumption and the temporal correlation between energy demand, energy consumption and associated cerebrovascular hemodynamics gives novel insight into the potential of these imaging tools in the study of metabolic neurodegenerative disorders.
正电子发射断层扫描和单光子发射计算机断层扫描等功能成像技术利用神经活动、能量需求和脑血流量之间的关系对大脑进行功能图谱绘制。尽管神经生物学过程尚未完全明了，但一些研究结果已揭示出引发伴随神经活动变化的代谢和血管变化的信号。该领域的进展表明，主要兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸的释放引发了神经元、星形胶质细胞和血液灌注之间的多种信号传导过程，并且这种信号传导对于脑成像信号的出现至关重要。更好地理解能量消耗的神经位点以及能量需求、能量消耗和相关脑血管血流动力学之间的时间相关性，为这些成像工具在代谢性神经退行性疾病研究中的潜力提供了新的见解。
