Johnson Sheri, Tran Tanya
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124-2070, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2007 May;63(5):425-32. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20361.
Randomized controlled trials of psychological treatment, principally cognitive therapy, for bipolar disorder have yielded inconsistent results. Given the status of this evidentiary base, we provide a more fine-grained analysis of the cognitive profiles associated with bipolar disorder to inform clinical practice. In this practice-friendly review, we consider evidence that both negative and positive cognitive styles are related to bipolar disorder. Cross-sectional and prospective evidence suggest that negative cognitive styles are related to depression within bipolar disorder, but there also is evidence that bipolar disorder is related to an elevated focus on goals as well as to increases in confidence during manic states. With such findings as backdrop, we consider the outcomes of psychological treatments for bipolar disorder and advance several suggestions for clinical practice.
针对双相情感障碍的心理治疗（主要是认知疗法）的随机对照试验结果并不一致。鉴于这一证据基础的现状，我们对与双相情感障碍相关的认知特征进行了更细致的分析，以为临床实践提供参考。在这篇便于临床应用的综述中，我们考察了消极和积极认知风格均与双相情感障碍相关的证据。横断面研究和前瞻性研究证据表明，消极认知风格与双相情感障碍中的抑郁有关，但也有证据表明双相情感障碍与躁狂状态下对目标的高度关注以及自信心增强有关。以此类研究结果为背景，我们探讨了双相情感障碍心理治疗的效果，并提出了一些临床实践建议。
