Lee Ka-Man, Johnston Emma L
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia.
Mar Environ Res. 2007 Sep;64(3):336-46. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2007.02.004. Epub 2007 Feb 24.
Marine organisms that occur in urbanised bays can be exposed to low-level chronic pollution that results in sublethal changes to behavior or reproduction. The effects of low levels of copper on the reproductive success of a mobile invertebrate were assessed. Free living flatworms are common predators of bivalves and barnacles. Flatworms (Stylochus pygmaeus) were exposed to low levels of copper ranging from 0 to 25 microg L(-1) in the presence and absence of their barnacle prey (Balanus variegatus). Flatworms laid fewer egg batches when exposed to copper and the hatching success of the eggs was also reduced. Exposure to 25 microg L(-1) copper for 10 d reduced the reproductive success of flatworms by up to 80%. Results were consistent regardless of the presence or absence of prey (barnacles). Barnacles were only moderately affected by copper but exhibited major avoidance behavior (feeding inhibition) in the presence of flatworm predators. This is the first ecotoxicological study on marine flatworms. Experiments are required to quantify the effects of flatworm predator populations on sessile invertebrate community structure in the field.
生活在城市化海湾的海洋生物可能会受到低水平慢性污染的影响，这种污染会导致行为或繁殖方面的亚致死变化。评估了低水平铜对一种活动无脊椎动物繁殖成功率的影响。自由生活的扁虫是双壳贝类和藤壶的常见捕食者。在有和没有藤壶猎物（杂色藤壶）的情况下，将扁虫（侏儒扁蛭）暴露于0至25微克/升的低水平铜环境中。扁虫在接触铜时产卵批次减少，且卵的孵化成功率也降低。暴露于25微克/升的铜环境中10天，扁虫的繁殖成功率降低了多达80%。无论有无猎物（藤壶），结果都是一致的。藤壶仅受到铜的中度影响，但在有扁虫捕食者存在时表现出主要的回避行为（摄食抑制）。这是关于海洋扁虫的第一项生态毒理学研究。需要开展实验来量化野外扁虫捕食者种群对固着无脊椎动物群落结构的影响。
