水流状态和洪水对动态河流系统沉积物和土壤中重金属有效性的影响。
Effects of flow regime and flooding on heavy metal availability in sediment and soil of a dynamic river system.
作者信息
Poot A, Gillissen F, Koelmans A A
机构信息
Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P O Box 8080, Ritzemabosweg 32A, 6700 DD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Environ Pollut. 2007 Aug;148(3):779-87. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.01.045. Epub 2007 Apr 6.
The acid volatile sulphide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SigmaSEM) method is increasingly used for risk assessment of toxic metals. In this study, we assessed spatial and temporal variations of AVS and SigmaSEM in river sediments and floodplain soils, addressing influence of flow regime and flooding. Slow-flowing sites contained high organic matter and clay content, leading to anoxic conditions, and subsequent AVS formation and binding of metals. Seasonality affected these processes through temperature and oxygen concentration, leading to increased levels of AVS in summer at slow-flowing sites (max. 37micromolg(-1)). In contrast, fast-flowing sites hardly contained AVS, so that seasonality had no influence on these sites. Floodplain soils showed an opposite AVS seasonality because of preferential inundation and concomitant AVS formation in winter (max. 3-30micromolg(-1)). We conclude that in dynamic river systems, flow velocity is the key to understanding variability of AVS and SigmaSEM.
酸挥发性硫化物（AVS）和同步提取金属（SigmaSEM）方法越来越多地用于有毒金属的风险评估。在本研究中，我们评估了河流沉积物和河漫滩土壤中AVS和SigmaSEM的时空变化，探讨了水流状态和洪水的影响。水流缓慢的地点含有高有机质和粘土含量，导致缺氧条件，进而形成AVS并使金属结合。季节变化通过温度和氧气浓度影响这些过程，导致夏季水流缓慢地点的AVS水平升高（最高37微摩尔克⁻¹）。相比之下，水流快速的地点几乎不含AVS，因此季节变化对这些地点没有影响。由于冬季优先淹没并伴随AVS形成，河漫滩土壤呈现相反的AVS季节性（最高3 - 30微摩尔克⁻¹）。我们得出结论，在动态河流系统中，流速是理解AVS和SigmaSEM变异性的关键。
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