Whitaker Bruce D
Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 May 2;55(9):3708-12. doi: 10.1021/jf063710i. Epub 2007 Apr 10.
Conjugated triene (CT) oxidation products of the acyclic sesquiterpene (E,E)-alpha-farnesene are thought to induce development of the physiological storage disorder superficial scald in apple and pear fruits of susceptible cultivars. CTs that accumulate in peel tissues of Granny Smith and Delicious apples after several weeks of cold storage are known to be conjugated trienols (CTols) rather than the corresponding hydroperoxides produced by in vitro autoxidation of alpha-farnesene. Here, it is shown that CTols are also the predominant in vivo oxidation products of alpha-farnesene in cold-stored pear fruit of the highly scald-susceptible d'Anjou cultivar. Analysis by octadecylsilane reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, gas chromatography with flame ionization detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy identified 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,3(E),5(E),10-tetraen-7-ol as the major CT in hexane extracts of peel tissue from d'Anjou pears stored for 3-5 months in air at -1 degrees C. The possible origins of CTols in apples and pears and the hypothesized role of these oxidation products of alpha-farnesene in the induction of scald are discussed. .
无环倍半萜（E,E）-α-法尼烯的共轭三烯（CT）氧化产物被认为会诱导易感品种苹果和梨果实发生生理性贮藏病害——虎皮病。已知在冷藏数周后的澳洲青苹和美味苹果果皮组织中积累的CT是共轭三烯醇（CTols），而非α-法尼烯体外自氧化产生的相应氢过氧化物。本文表明，在高度易感虎皮病的昂热品种冷藏梨果实中，CTols也是α-法尼烯的主要体内氧化产物。通过十八烷基硅烷反相高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测、气相色谱-火焰离子化检测、气相色谱-质谱联用以及质子核磁共振光谱分析，确定3,7,11-三甲基十二碳-1,3（E）,5（E）,10-四烯-7-醇是在-1℃空气中贮藏3 - 5个月的昂热梨果皮组织己烷提取物中的主要CT。文中讨论了苹果和梨中CTols的可能来源以及α-法尼烯这些氧化产物在诱导虎皮病中的假定作用。
