Niendam Tara A, Bearden Carrie E, Zinberg Jamie, Johnson Jennifer K, O'Brien Mary, Cannon Tyrone D
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA.
Schizophr Bull. 2007 May;33(3):772-81. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbm020. Epub 2007 Apr 9.
This study evaluates longitudinal neuropsychological performance and its association with clinical symptomatology and psychosocial outcome in individuals identified as ultra high risk (UHR) for psychosis.
Thirty-five UHR individuals completed neurocognitive, clinical, and social/role functioning assessments at baseline and, on average, 8.3 months later.
UHR subjects showed significant cognitive deficits at baseline and 2 distinct profiles of cognitive change over time. On average, 50% demonstrated improvement in social and role functioning over the follow-up period, while the other half showed either stability or decline in functioning. Functional improvement was associated with improved processing speed and visual memory, as well as improvement in clinical symptoms over the follow-up period. In contrast, patients who did not improve functionally showed stable clinical symptoms and cognitive performance over time.
Although the degree of neurocognitive deficit at baseline in UHR patients does not predict psychosocial outcome, the course of neurocognitive change over the first 8 months of follow-up does differentiate patients with good and poor functional outcomes.
本研究评估被确定为精神病超高风险（UHR）个体的纵向神经心理学表现及其与临床症状和社会心理结局的关联。
35名UHR个体在基线时以及平均8.3个月后完成了神经认知、临床和社会/角色功能评估。
UHR受试者在基线时表现出显著的认知缺陷，且随着时间推移有2种不同的认知变化模式。平均而言，50%的受试者在随访期间社会和角色功能有所改善，而另一半受试者的功能则保持稳定或下降。功能改善与处理速度和视觉记忆的改善以及随访期间临床症状的改善相关。相比之下，功能未改善的患者随着时间推移临床症状和认知表现保持稳定。
尽管UHR患者基线时的神经认知缺陷程度不能预测社会心理结局，但随访前8个月的神经认知变化过程确实能区分功能结局良好和不良的患者。
