患有自闭症的年轻女孩的MRI神经解剖学：一项初步研究。

MRI neuroanatomy in young girls with autism: a preliminary study.

作者信息

Bloss Cinnamon S, Courchesne Eric

机构信息

Ms. Bloss is with San Diego State University and the University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, and Dr. Courchesne is with the Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego and Children's Hospital Research Center.

出版信息

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007 Apr;46(4):515-523. doi: 10.1097/chi.0b013e318030e28b.

DOI:10.1097/chi.0b013e318030e28b

PMID:17420687

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To test the hypothesis that young girls and boys with autism exhibit different profiles of neuroanatomical abnormality relative to each other and relative to typically developing children.

METHOD

Structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure gray and white matter volumes (whole cerebrum, cerebral lobes, and cerebellum) and total brain volume in nine girls (ages 2.29-5.16) and 27 boys (ages 1.96-5.33) with autism and 14 girls (ages 2.17-5.71) and 13 boys (ages 1.72-5.50) with typical development. Structure size and the relationship between size and age were examined. Diagnostic and cognitive outcome data were obtained after the children reached 4 to 5 years of age.

RESULTS

Girls with autism exhibited nearly every size-related abnormality exhibited by boys with autism. Furthermore, additional sites of abnormality were observed in girls, including enlargement in temporal white and gray matter volumes and reduction in cerebellar gray matter volume. Significant correlations were observed between age and white matter volumes (e.g., cerebral white matter rs = 0.950) for the girls with autism, whereas no significant age-structure size relationships were observed for the boys with autism.

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest sex differences in etiological factors and the biological time course of the disorder.

摘要

目的

验证以下假设，即患有自闭症的年幼女孩和男孩相对于彼此以及相对于发育正常的儿童，表现出不同的神经解剖学异常特征。

方法

采用结构磁共振成像测量9名自闭症女孩（年龄2.29 - 5.16岁）、27名自闭症男孩（年龄1.96 - 5.33岁）、14名发育正常女孩（年龄2.17 - 5.71岁）和13名发育正常男孩（年龄1.72 - 5.50岁）的灰质和白质体积（全脑、脑叶和小脑）以及全脑体积。检查结构大小以及大小与年龄之间的关系。在儿童达到4至5岁后获取诊断和认知结果数据。

结果

患有自闭症的女孩表现出了患有自闭症的男孩所表现出的几乎每一种与大小相关的异常。此外，在女孩中还观察到了其他异常部位，包括颞叶白质和灰质体积增大以及小脑灰质体积减小。患有自闭症的女孩的年龄与白质体积之间存在显著相关性（例如，脑白质rs = 0.950），而患有自闭症的男孩未观察到显著的年龄 - 结构大小关系。