Elkord E
CRUK Immunology Department, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2007;10(3):224-36. doi: 10.1038/sj.pcan.4500964. Epub 2007 Apr 10.
Several mechanisms that impair the immune response to promote tumour progression are reported. These mechanisms aim to reduce the ability of antigen-presenting cells to present antigen and activate naïve T cells to support an active immune response or to create a suppressive environment that induce non-functional tumour-associated antigen-specific T cells. Prostate cancer (PC) alone accounts for 33% of incident cancer cases and about 9% of all cancer-related deaths among men in the USA during 2006. Whereas androgen deprivation has remained the first line of therapy for advanced PC, other therapies are still required due to progression to an androgen-resistant state and eventually loss of control in patients receiving hormonal therapy. Immunotherapy seems to be a promising approach to enhance tumour-specific T-cell responses in different cancers including prostate. More importantly, clinical trials in advanced PC patients have shown that immunotherapy may generate significant clinical responses. Immunology and immunotherapy aspects of PC with focus on prostate-specific antigen will be presented.
据报道，有几种机制会损害免疫反应以促进肿瘤进展。这些机制旨在降低抗原呈递细胞呈递抗原并激活初始T细胞以支持活跃免疫反应的能力，或营造一种抑制环境，诱导产生无功能的肿瘤相关抗原特异性T细胞。仅前列腺癌（PC）就占2006年美国男性新发病例的33%，以及所有癌症相关死亡病例的约9%。虽然雄激素剥夺疗法仍是晚期PC的一线治疗方法，但由于病情进展至雄激素抵抗状态，最终接受激素治疗的患者会失去控制，因此仍需要其他疗法。免疫疗法似乎是增强包括前列腺癌在内的不同癌症中肿瘤特异性T细胞反应的一种有前景的方法。更重要的是，晚期PC患者的临床试验表明，免疫疗法可能会产生显著的临床反应。本文将介绍聚焦于前列腺特异性抗原的PC的免疫学和免疫疗法方面的内容。
