Figueroa A A, Glupker T J, Fitz M G, BeGole E A
Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago 60680.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1991 Oct;28(4):425-34. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1991_028_0425_mtaaip_2.3.co_2.
The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal cephalometric study was to analyze size, growth, and relations of the mandible, tongue, and airway in the isolated, nonsyndromic Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) infant. The objective was to understand better the early morphologic changes that occur in these structures. The data were obtained from lateral cephalometric radiographs taken in the first 2 years of life on 17 PRS infants, 26 isolated cleft palate (CP), and 26 normal control (N) infants. Mean values of each variable were compared using a univariate analysis of variance. A multivariate discriminant function analysis (DFA) was also used to characterize group differences. The three groups were distinct throughout the period of study. Differences were greater at the earliest age and the distinction was greater between the PRS and N infants with the CP infant in between, but having more similarity to the PRS infant. Initially, the PRS infant had a shorter tongue and mandibular length, narrower airway, smaller tongue area and the hyoid position was more posterior and inferior as compared to N. The tongue shape and position were specific to the PRS infants. This group distinction diminished with age and resulted from an increased mandibular growth rate in the PRS infant. These findings support the hypothesis of "partial mandibular catch-up growth" in the PRS infant. The increased growth rate in the PRS infant improved the airway dimension, which might be partly responsible for the natural resolution of the respiratory distress. This increased growth rate did not allow for the various structures to reach values equal to normal.
这项回顾性纵向头影测量研究的目的是分析孤立性、非综合征性皮埃尔·罗宾序列征（PRS）婴儿的下颌骨、舌和气道的大小、生长及相互关系。其目标是更好地了解这些结构中发生的早期形态学变化。数据来自17名PRS婴儿、26名孤立性腭裂（CP）婴儿和26名正常对照（N）婴儿在出生后2年内拍摄的侧位头影测量X线片。使用单因素方差分析比较每个变量的平均值。还采用多变量判别函数分析（DFA）来描述组间差异。在整个研究期间，这三组是不同的。差异在最早年龄时更大，PRS婴儿和N婴儿之间的差异更大，CP婴儿介于两者之间，但与PRS婴儿更相似。最初，与N相比，PRS婴儿的舌和下颌长度较短，气道较窄，舌面积较小，舌骨位置更靠后且更低。舌的形状和位置是PRS婴儿所特有的。随着年龄增长，这种组间差异减小，这是由于PRS婴儿下颌生长速率增加所致。这些发现支持了PRS婴儿“部分下颌追赶生长”的假说。PRS婴儿生长速率的增加改善了气道尺寸，这可能是呼吸窘迫自然缓解的部分原因。这种增加的生长速率并未使各个结构达到与正常相等的值。
