Pomfret E A, Fryer J P, Sima C S, Lake J R, Merion R M
Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA.
Am J Transplant. 2007;7(5 Pt 2):1376-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01782.x.
The number of liver transplants performed yearly has slowly and steadily increased over the last 10 years, reaching 6441 procedures in 2005. The number of living donor liver transplants performed rose steadily from 1996 to 2001, when it peaked at 519; since 2003 there have been approximately 320 such procedures performed each year. The continual increase in the size of the waiting list for a liver transplant, which peaked in 2001 at 14 897 patients, was interrupted in 2002 by the implementation of the allocation system based on the model for end-stage liver disease and pediatric end-stage liver disease (MELD/PELD). Activity in all areas of intestinal transplantation continues to increase. One-year patient and graft survival following intestine-alone transplantation now seem to be superior to outcomes following liver-intestine transplantation. Other topics covered here include the recent 'Share 15' component of the MELD allocation system; liver transplantation following donation after cardiac death; simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation and waiting list and post-transplant outcomes for both liver and intestine transplantation, broken out by a variety of clinical and demographic factors.
在过去10年里，每年进行的肝移植手术数量缓慢而稳步地增长，2005年达到6441例。活体供肝移植手术的数量从1996年到2001年稳步上升，在2001年达到峰值519例；自2003年以来，每年大约进行320例此类手术。肝移植等待名单的规模持续增加，在2001年达到峰值14897名患者，但在2002年因实施基于终末期肝病和小儿终末期肝病模型（MELD/PELD）的分配系统而中断。肠道移植所有领域的活动都在持续增加。单纯肠道移植术后1年的患者和移植物存活率现在似乎优于肝肠联合移植的结果。这里涵盖的其他主题包括MELD分配系统最近的“共享15”部分；心脏死亡后捐赠的肝移植；肝肾联合移植以及肝移植和肠道移植的等待名单及移植后结果，按各种临床和人口统计学因素分类。
