Hearst Mary O, Fulkerson Jayne A, Maldonado-Molina Mildred M, Perry Cheryl L, Komro Kelli A
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Prev Med. 2007 Jun;44(6):471-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.02.018. Epub 2007 Mar 1.
Examine sources of alcohol over time in a large, ethnically diverse adolescent population from a poor, urban environment.
Surveys were administered at four time points (6th-8th grades) assessing demographic characteristics, past year alcohol use and sources of alcohol to youth in Chicago, Illinois 2002-2005. Growth curve analysis was used to examine alcohol access trends among all alcohol using youth and consistent alcohol users. Interactions by race and gender were tested.
Social sources of alcohol were the most prevalent source over time. Parents were the primary source of alcohol, but their prominence significantly decreased over time. Taking alcohol from home, and getting alcohol from other adults, individuals under age 21, and commercial sources significantly increased as sources of alcohol over time. Males were significantly more likely than females to get alcohol from commercial sources and friends' parents.
Greater attention for reducing social access to alcohol, particularly among parents, is needed for alcohol prevention efforts prior to and during middle school.
在来自贫困城市环境、种族多样化的大量青少年人群中，研究不同时期酒精的来源。
在四个时间点（六年级至八年级）进行调查，评估2002年至2005年伊利诺伊州芝加哥市青少年的人口统计学特征、过去一年的饮酒情况及酒精来源。采用生长曲线分析来研究所有饮酒青少年和持续饮酒者的酒精获取趋势。对种族和性别的交互作用进行了测试。
随着时间推移，社交性酒精来源最为普遍。父母是酒精的主要来源，但随着时间推移其重要性显著下降。从家中获取酒精、从其他成年人、21岁以下个人及商业渠道获取酒精的情况随着时间推移显著增加。男性从商业渠道和朋友父母处获取酒精的可能性显著高于女性。
在中学之前及中学期间的酒精预防工作中，需要更加关注减少酒精的社交性获取，尤其是在父母当中。
