Wiwattanapatapee R, Chumthong A, Pengnoo A, Kanjanamaneesathian M
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112 Thailand.
J Control Release. 2007 Jun 4;119(2):229-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.01.015. Epub 2007 Feb 2.
A lack of effective, easily applied and stable formulation has been a major obstacle to widespread use of biocontrol agents for control of rice sheath blight. In this study, effervescent fast-disintegrating granules containing endospores of Bacillus megaterium were developed for use either by broadcast or spray application. The formulation composed of lactose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 (PVP, K-30) and effervescent base (citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate). The number of living bacteria in effervescent granules that performed mycelial growth inhibition was in the range of 10(9) CFU/g after 12 months storage at room temperature. The number of viable bacteria after applying into the water and spraying on the rice seedling for 7 days in the greenhouse tests were also satisfactory high (10(9) CFU/g of granules and 10(6) CFU/g of plant, respectively). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe bacterial antagonist on the surface of leaf sheath and leaf blade after spraying with formulation. Effervescent formulation applied either broadcasting or spraying reduced incidence of sheath blight disease in the greenhouse experiments.
缺乏有效、易于应用且稳定的制剂一直是生物防治剂广泛用于防治水稻纹枯病的主要障碍。在本研究中，开发了含有巨大芽孢杆菌内生孢子的泡腾速崩颗粒剂，可用于撒施或喷雾。该制剂由乳糖、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30（PVP，K-30）和泡腾碱（柠檬酸、酒石酸和碳酸氢钠）组成。在室温下储存12个月后，具有菌丝生长抑制作用的泡腾颗粒剂中的活菌数在10⁹ CFU/g范围内。在温室试验中，施用于水中并喷洒在水稻幼苗上7天后的活菌数也很高（分别为10⁹ CFU/g颗粒剂和10⁶ CFU/g植株）。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察喷施制剂后叶鞘和叶片表面的细菌拮抗剂。在温室试验中，撒施或喷施泡腾制剂均降低了纹枯病的发病率。
