Goehler Lisa E, Lyte Mark, Gaykema Ronald P A
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400, USA.
Brain Behav Immun. 2007 Aug;21(6):721-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2007.02.005. Epub 2007 Apr 10.
Infection and inflammation lead to changes in mood and cognition. Although the "classic" sickness behavior syndrome, involving fatigue, social withdrawal, and loss of appetites are most familiar, other emotional responses accompany immune activation, including anxiety. Recent studies have shown that gastrointestinal bacterial infections lead to enhanced anxiety-like behavior in mice. The bacteria-induced signal is most likely carried by vagal sensory neurons, and occurs early on (within 6h) during the infection. These signals induce evidence of activation in brain regions that integrate viscerosensory information with mood, and potentiate activation in brain regions established as key players in fear and anxiety. The findings underline the importance of viscerosensory signals arising from the gastrointestinal tract in modulation of behaviors appropriate for coping with threats, and suggest that these signals may contribute to affective symptoms associated with gastrointestinal disorders.
感染和炎症会导致情绪和认知的变化。虽然涉及疲劳、社交退缩和食欲不振的“经典”疾病行为综合征最为人熟知，但免疫激活还会伴随其他情绪反应，包括焦虑。最近的研究表明，胃肠道细菌感染会导致小鼠出现类似焦虑的行为增强。细菌诱导的信号很可能由迷走感觉神经元传导，且在感染早期（6小时内）就会出现。这些信号诱导了将内脏感觉信息与情绪整合的脑区激活证据，并增强了在恐惧和焦虑中起关键作用的脑区的激活。这些发现强调了胃肠道产生的内脏感觉信号在调节应对威胁的适当行为中的重要性，并表明这些信号可能导致与胃肠道疾病相关的情感症状。
