David Lior, Rosenberg Noah A, Lavi Uri, Feldman Marcus W, Hillel Jossi
Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
Genet Sel Evol. 2007 May-Jun;39(3):319-40. doi: 10.1186/1297-9686-39-3-319. Epub 2007 Apr 14.
Genetic relationships among eight populations of domesticated carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), a species with a partially duplicated genome, were studied using 12 microsatellites and 505 AFLP bands. The populations included three aquacultured carp strains and five ornamental carp (koi) variants. Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was used as an outgroup. AFLP-based gene diversity varied from 5% (grass carp) to 32% (koi) and reflected the reasonably well understood histories and breeding practices of the populations. A large fraction of the molecular variance was due to differences between aquacultured and ornamental carps. Further analyses based on microsatellite data, including cluster analysis and neighbor-joining trees, supported the genetic distinctiveness of aquacultured and ornamental carps, despite the recent divergence of the two groups. In contrast to what was observed for AFLP-based diversity, the frequency of heterozygotes based on microsatellites was comparable among all populations. This discrepancy can potentially be explained by duplication of some loci in Cyprinus carpio L., and a model that shows how duplication can increase heterozygosity estimates for microsatellites but not for AFLP loci is discussed. Our analyses in carp can help in understanding the consequences of genotyping duplicated loci and in interpreting discrepancies between dominant and co-dominant markers in species with recent genome duplication.
利用12个微卫星和505个AFLP条带，研究了基因组部分重复的家养鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio L.）八个种群之间的遗传关系。这些种群包括三个养殖鲤鱼品系和五个观赏鲤鱼（锦鲤）变种。草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idella）用作外类群。基于AFLP的基因多样性从5%（草鱼）到32%（锦鲤）不等，反映了各群体的历史和育种实践在一定程度上是为人所熟知的。很大一部分分子变异是由于养殖鲤鱼和观赏鲤鱼之间的差异。基于微卫星数据的进一步分析，包括聚类分析和邻接树分析，支持了养殖鲤鱼和观赏鲤鱼在遗传上的独特性，尽管这两个群体最近才分化。与基于AFLP的多样性所观察到的情况相反，所有群体中基于微卫星的杂合子频率相当。这种差异可能是由于鲤科鲤属中某些基因座的重复造成的，文中讨论了一个模型，该模型展示了重复如何增加微卫星的杂合度估计值，而不是AFLP基因座的杂合度估计值。我们对鲤鱼的分析有助于理解对重复基因座进行基因分型的后果，以及解释近期基因组重复物种中显性标记和共显性标记之间的差异。
