Henrickson Sarah E, von Andrian Ulrich H
Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2007 Jun;19(3):249-58. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2007.04.013. Epub 2007 Apr 12.
The recent application of in vivo imaging to characterize the dynamics of T-cell activation by dendritic cells (DCs) has reshaped long-held beliefs of how adaptive immune responses are initiated. However, to improve our fundamental understanding, these new observations must be synthesized with the diverse theories and paradigms in the field, many of which were established before the advent of the cutting-edge techniques in a modern immunologist's toolbox. A number of factors have been investigated that combine to determine the ability of the DC to activate a naïve T cell: the rules that govern the ability of a T cell to find antigen-bearing DCs; the parameters that define the dose and quality of the antigenic signal; and the mechanisms used by the T cell to interpret a given antigenic signal. Considering T-cell activation to be determined by the sum of interdependent factors might allow us to integrate seemingly disparate observations and hypotheses and to formulate testable predictions for further experimentation.
最近，体内成像技术被应用于表征树突状细胞（DC）激活T细胞的动力学，这重塑了人们长期以来对适应性免疫反应如何启动的看法。然而，为了增进我们的基本理解，这些新观察结果必须与该领域的各种理论和范式相结合，其中许多理论和范式是在现代免疫学家工具箱中的前沿技术出现之前建立的。已经研究了许多因素，这些因素共同决定了DC激活初始T细胞的能力：支配T细胞找到携带抗原的DC的能力的规则；定义抗原信号剂量和质量的参数；以及T细胞用于解读给定抗原信号的机制。将T细胞激活视为由相互依存的因素总和所决定，这可能使我们能够整合看似不同的观察结果和假设，并为进一步实验制定可检验的预测。
