Sigmund Erik, De Ste Croix Mark, Miklánková Ludmila, Frömel Karel
Center for Kinanthropology Research, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Eur J Public Health. 2007 Dec;17(6):646-51. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckm033. Epub 2007 Apr 12.
Due to the increasing occurrence of obesity and low physical activity (PA) reported in school children there is a need to investigate PA patterns of preschool children. Our aim was to identify the PA of preschool children in comparison to the PA of teenagers and young adults.
PA of 104 Czech preschool children (aged 5-7 years), 1174 teenagers (aged 12-17 years) and 787 young adults (aged 18-24 years) was determined using Caltrac accelerometery. PA was evaluated on the basis of activity energy expenditure (AEE--kcal kg(-1) day(-1)). Subjects were monitored over 7 days to include a weekend.
The AEE in preschool children was significantly higher in comparison to all age groups of teenagers and young adults during both weekdays and at the weekend (P<0.0001). On weekdays during leisure time, preschoolers were considerably more physically active than all categories of teenagers and young adults (P<0.001). Preschoolers show similarities in PA level between weekdays and weekends, unlike the older age groups.
It seems to appear that organized daily PA (2x20 min of exercising on carpet, 50-70 min of walking outdoors) in preschool children along with enough space for spontaneous PA establishes prerequisites for their further healthy development.
鉴于学龄儿童肥胖和身体活动（PA）不足的情况日益增多，有必要对学龄前儿童的身体活动模式进行调查。我们的目的是确定学龄前儿童与青少年和年轻人的身体活动情况，并进行比较。
使用Caltrac加速度计测定了104名捷克学龄前儿童（5至7岁）、1174名青少年（12至17岁）和787名年轻人（18至24岁）的身体活动情况。根据活动能量消耗（AEE——千卡/千克/天）对身体活动进行评估。对受试者进行了为期7天的监测，包括一个周末。
在工作日和周末，学龄前儿童的AEE均显著高于所有年龄段的青少年和年轻人（P<0.0001）。在工作日的休闲时间，学龄前儿童的身体活动比所有类别的青少年和年轻人都要多得多（P<0.001）。与年龄较大的群体不同，学龄前儿童在工作日和周末的身体活动水平相似。
学龄前儿童有组织的日常身体活动（在地毯上进行2次每次20分钟的锻炼，在户外步行50至70分钟）以及足够的自发身体活动空间，似乎为他们的进一步健康发展奠定了基础。
