Story Julie, Cymet Tyler Childs
Family Medicine, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore and Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA.
Compr Ther. 2006 Fall;32(3):192-5. doi: 10.1007/s12019-006-0012-7.
When people overuse their legs they develop an uncomfortable awareness of these limbs manifested as a dull burning or aching. The cause is often clear to the person with the problem as a result of the often obvious relationship to overdoing an exercise or activity and the pain. "Shin splints" is the lay term; physicians use the term medial tibial stress syndrome. The pathophysiology that leads to this pain is unclear, although there are a number of competing theories. Differential diagnosis includes stress fractures and compartment syndromes. Bone tumors or lipomas can also cause similar pain to shin splints. Diagnosis can be made by history alone in a majority of cases, but if the diagnosis is unclear, an X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging should be considered. Treatment is still mostly supportive and symptom related. Rest is the most important aspect of treatment. Locally applied cold and anti-inflammatory medication have also been felt to be beneficial.
当人们过度使用腿部时，会出现对这些肢体的不适感，表现为隐隐的灼痛或酸痛。由于这种疼痛通常与过度运动或活动有明显关联，所以出现问题的人往往清楚病因。“胫骨夹板”是通俗说法；医生使用的术语是内侧胫骨应力综合征。尽管有多种相互竞争的理论，但导致这种疼痛的病理生理学尚不清楚。鉴别诊断包括应力性骨折和骨筋膜室综合征。骨肿瘤或脂肪瘤也可引起与胫骨夹板类似的疼痛。大多数情况下仅通过病史就能做出诊断，但如果诊断不明确，则应考虑进行X线检查和磁共振成像。治疗大多仍以支持治疗和对症治疗为主。休息是治疗最重要的方面。局部冷敷和使用消炎药物也被认为有益。
