Sørensen M, Bisgaard H, Stage M, Loft S
Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Biomarkers. 2007 Jan-Feb;12(1):38-46. doi: 10.1080/13547500600943148.
Non-invasive biomonitoring of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) by means of hair is attractive in children, although systematic evaluation is required in infants. The objective was to compare nicotine and cotinine concentrations in hair and plasma and parentally reported exposure to ETS in a birth cohort of 411 infants. Plasma was collected from 356 six-month-old infants and hair samples were collected from 368 one-year-old infants. Concentrations of nicotine and cotinine were measured by an optimized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS)-based method requiring 4 mg hair or 200 microl plasma. Information was obtained on the number of days with ETS exposure during the first year of life, the smoking habits of the parents, and the number of cigarettes smoked per day in the home. All three parentally reported indices of ETS exposure were significantly associated with the biomarkers, with clear dose response relationships. There was a significant association between days with ETS exposure and nicotine in hair at relatively low exposure levels (10-99 days per year), whereas the other biomarkers only showed significant increases at higher exposure levels. In conclusion, nicotine in hair appears to be the biomarker most strongly associated with parental reports on exposure to ETS in infants.
通过头发对环境烟草烟雾（ETS）暴露进行无创生物监测对儿童很有吸引力，不过婴儿需要进行系统评估。目的是比较411名婴儿出生队列中头发和血浆中的尼古丁和可替宁浓度以及父母报告的ETS暴露情况。从356名6个月大的婴儿中采集血浆，从368名1岁婴儿中采集头发样本。采用一种基于优化气相色谱-质谱（GC/MS）的方法测量尼古丁和可替宁浓度，该方法需要4毫克头发或200微升血浆。获取了关于生命第一年中ETS暴露天数、父母吸烟习惯以及家中每天吸烟支数的信息。父母报告的所有三个ETS暴露指标均与生物标志物显著相关，且存在明确的剂量反应关系。在相对较低暴露水平（每年10 - 99天）时，ETS暴露天数与头发中的尼古丁之间存在显著关联，而其他生物标志物仅在较高暴露水平时才显示出显著增加。总之，头发中的尼古丁似乎是与父母报告的婴儿ETS暴露最密切相关的生物标志物。
