Carnagey Nicholas L, Anderson Craig A
Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Aggress Behav. 2007 Mar-Apr;33(2):118-29. doi: 10.1002/ab.20173.
Two inter-related studies examined the effect of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on attitudes towards war and violence. A three-wave between-subjects analysis revealed that attitudes towards war became more positive after September 11, 2001 and remained high over a year afterwards. Self-reported trait physical aggression also rose after September 11. Attitudes towards penal code violence (PCV) became more positive immediately after September 11, but were somewhat reduced a year afterward. A two-wave within subjects study revealed that war attitudes became even more positive at 2 months post-September 11. Attitudes towards PCV became less positive during this time period, but only for women. Other aggression-related attitudes were not affected in either study. These studies demonstrate that a large-scale event can change attitudes, but those attitudes must be directly relevant to the event.
两项相互关联的研究考察了2001年9月11日恐怖袭击对战争与暴力态度的影响。一项三波组间分析显示，2001年9月11日之后，人们对战争的态度变得更加积极，且在之后的一年里一直保持在较高水平。自我报告的特质性身体攻击行为在9月11日之后也有所增加。对刑法暴力（PCV）的态度在9月11日之后立即变得更加积极，但一年后有所下降。一项两波组内研究显示，在9月11日之后两个月，人们对战争的态度变得更加积极。在此期间，对PCV的态度变得不那么积极，但仅针对女性。在两项研究中，其他与攻击相关的态度均未受到影响。这些研究表明，大规模事件可以改变态度，但这些态度必须与该事件直接相关。
