Van der Linden Nicolas, Leys Christophe, Klein Olivier, Bouchat Pierre
Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Service d'Analyse des Données, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
PLoS One. 2017 Sep 11;12(9):e0184001. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184001. eCollection 2017.
Bizumic et al. (2013) have recently shown that attitudes towards peace and war reflect two distinct constructs rather than two poles of a single dimension. We present an attempt at validating the French version of their 16-item Attitudes toward Peace and War Scale (APWS) on five distinct (mainly Belgian) French-speaking samples (total N = 808). Confirmatory factor and criterion validity analyses confirmed that attitudes toward peace and war, although negatively related, are distinct in terms of their antecedents and consequences. On the one hand, antecedents of attitudes toward peace included egalitarian ideological beliefs and empathic concern for others, and consequences included intentions to engage in pro-peace behaviors. On the other hand, antecedents of attitudes toward war included national identification and authoritarian ideological beliefs, and consequences included intentions to engage in pro-war behaviors. Furthermore, both attitudes toward peace and war were, respectively, negatively and positively related to (a right-wing) political orientation. Unexpectedly however, attitudes toward war were positively related to nonegalitarian ideological beliefs and were not related to personal distress. Scores on the translated scale were unrelated to socially desirable responding. In terms of known-groups validity, men had, respectively, more and less positive attitudes toward war and peace than women. Finally, based on exploratory factor analyses, the inclusion of some items for the factorial structure of the measure is questioned and a shortened form of the measure is validated. Overall, these findings are in line with Bizumic et al. and suggest that attitudes toward peace and war also reflect two distinct constructs in a French-speaking population.
比祖米克等人（2013年）最近表明，对和平与战争的态度反映的是两种不同的结构，而非单一维度的两个极端。我们尝试在五个不同的（主要是比利时的）法语样本（总样本量N = 808）上验证他们的16项和平与战争态度量表（APWS）的法语版本。验证性因素分析和效标效度分析证实，对和平与战争的态度虽然呈负相关，但在其前因和后果方面是不同的。一方面，对和平态度的前因包括平等主义的意识形态信念和对他人的共情关注，后果包括参与亲和平行为的意图。另一方面，对战争态度的前因包括国家认同和威权主义意识形态信念，后果包括参与亲战行为的意图。此外，对和平与战争的态度分别与（右翼）政治取向呈负相关和正相关。然而，出乎意料的是，对战争的态度与非平等主义意识形态信念呈正相关，与个人痛苦无关。翻译后的量表得分与社会期望反应无关。在已知群体效度方面，男性对战争与和平的态度分别比女性更积极和更消极。最后，基于探索性因素分析，对该测量量表的因子结构中某些项目的纳入提出了质疑，并验证了一个缩短版的量表。总体而言，这些发现与比祖米克等人的研究一致，表明在说法语的人群中，对和平与战争的态度也反映了两种不同的结构。
