Bennett M, Dewberry C, Yeeles C
Department of Psychology, Roehampton Institute, London, U.K.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1991 Sep;32(6):969-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb01923.x.
This study examines the salience of ethnicity in 8- and 11-year-old children's social categorizations and preference judgements. Unlike previous research, children were afforded the possibility of responding to photographs of target persons on the basis of either individual characteristics (expressed affect) or group characteristics (ethnicity and gender), and it was found that ethnicity was seldom used as a basis for categorizing persons, nor was it widely implicated in judgements of preference. Since this study was conducted in an area virtually devoid of ethnic minority groups, a replication was undertaken in an inner city area of London. Apart from the finding that ethnicity appeared to be a fairly salient basis for categorization amongst the 8-year-old children, results essentially similar to those of the first study were obtained. Implications of the data for children's social perception are discussed.
本研究考察了8岁和11岁儿童社会分类及偏好判断中种族的显著性。与之前的研究不同，本研究给予儿童根据个体特征（表达的情感）或群体特征（种族和性别）对目标人物照片做出反应的可能性，结果发现，种族很少被用作人物分类的依据，在偏好判断中也未被广泛涉及。由于本研究是在一个几乎没有少数民族群体的地区进行的，因此在伦敦市中心区进行了重复研究。除了发现种族似乎是8岁儿童分类的一个相当显著的依据外，研究结果与第一项研究基本相似。文中讨论了这些数据对儿童社会认知的启示。
