Zamani Abbas Ali, Talebi Aliasghar, Fathipour Yaghoub, Baniameri Valiollah
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.
Environ Entomol. 2007 Apr;36(2):263-71. doi: 10.1603/0046-225X-36.2.263.
The performance of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius colemani Viereck and Aphidius matricariae (Haliday), against Aphis gossypii Glover on greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) on sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were evaluated at various constant temperatures. Biological parameters of both parasitoids including developmental time, pupal survivorship, percentage of parasitism, and sex ratio of the progeny were studied at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees C. At 25 degrees C, an average of 10.0 +/- 1.1 and 9.8 +/- 1.1 d was needed for A. colemani to complete its development from oviposition to adult eclosion on A. gossypii and M. persicae, respectively. The corresponding average times needed for A. matricariae were 11.9 +/- 0.9 and 11.5 +/- 1.1 d, respectively. The lower developmental thresholds for A. colemani reared on A. gossypii and M. persicae were estimated from linear regression equations to be 2.97 and 2.65 degrees C, respectively, whereas these values for A. matricariae were 3.37 and 3.51 degrees C, respectively. Parasitization rate of both parasitoid species, recorded as percent aphids mummified, increased almost linearly with increasing temperature to reach a maximum at 25 degrees C and decreased at 30 degrees C. The optimal temperatures for development of A. colemani and A. matricariae were approximately 30 and 25 degrees C, respectively, and high mortality occurred at higher temperatures. The Lactin 2 and Briere 1 developmental models were accepted based on their excellent goodness-of-fit to the data (residual sum of square and coefficient of determination) and estimable temperature thresholds and are strongly recommended for the description of temperature-dependent development of A. colemani and A. matricariae.
在不同恒温条件下，评估了两种蚜虫寄生蜂，即甘蓝蚜茧蜂（Aphidius colemani Viereck）和烟蚜茧蜂（Aphidius matricariae (Haliday)）对温室黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）上的棉蚜（Aphis gossypii Glover）以及甜椒（Capsicum annuum L.）上的桃蚜（Myzus persicae (Sulzer)）的防治效果。在5、10、15、20、25、30和35摄氏度下，研究了这两种寄生蜂的生物学参数，包括发育时间、蛹期存活率、寄生率以及子代的性别比。在25摄氏度时，甘蓝蚜茧蜂在棉蚜和桃蚜上从产卵到成虫羽化分别平均需要10.0±1.1天和9.8±1.1天。烟蚜茧蜂的相应平均时间分别为11.9±0.9天和11.5±1.1天。根据线性回归方程估计，以棉蚜和桃蚜为寄主饲养的甘蓝蚜茧蜂的发育下限温度分别为2.97摄氏度和2.65摄氏度，而烟蚜茧蜂的这些值分别为3.37摄氏度和3.51摄氏度。两种寄生蜂的寄生率，以被寄生蚜虫形成僵蚜的百分比记录，几乎随温度升高呈线性增加，在25摄氏度时达到最高，在30摄氏度时下降。甘蓝蚜茧蜂和烟蚜茧蜂发育的最适温度分别约为30摄氏度和25摄氏度，在较高温度下死亡率较高。基于Lactin 2和Briere 1发育模型对数据的良好拟合（残差平方和及决定系数）以及可估计的温度阈值，这两个模型被接受，并强烈推荐用于描述甘蓝蚜茧蜂和烟蚜茧蜂的温度依赖发育。
