Shroff S, Rao S, Kurian G, Suresh S
Department of Nephrology, Apollo Hospital, Chennai, India.
Transplant Proc. 2007 Apr;39(3):714-8. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.03.024.
Tamil Nadu has been at the forefront of medical care in the country. It was the first state in the country that started a living kidney transplant program. It is also the first state to successfully start the cadaver programme after the passing of the "Transplantation of Human Organ Act" of 1994 and in the last 5 years has formed a network between hospitals for organ sharing. From the year 2000 to 2006 an organ sharing network was started in Tamil Nadu and the facilitator of this programme has been a non-government organization called MOHAN (acronym for Multi Organ Harvesting Aid Network) Foundation. The organs shared during the period number over 460 organs in two regions (both Tamil Nadu and Hyderabad). In Tamil Nadu the shared organs have included 166 Kidneys, 24 livers, 6 hearts, and 180 eyes. In 2003 sharing network was initiated by MOHAN in Hyderabad and to some extent the Tamil Nadu model was duplicated. with some success and 96 cadaver organs have been transplanted in the last 3 years. There are many advantages of organ sharing including the cost economics. At present there is a large pool of brain dead patients who could become potential organ donors in the major cities in India. Their organs are not being utilized for various support logistics. A multi-pronged strategy is required for the long term success of this program. These years in Tamil Nadu have been the years of learning, un-learning and relearning and the program today has matured slowly into what can perhaps be evolved as an Indian model. In all these years there have been various difficulties in its implementation and some of the key elements for the success of the program is the need to educate our own medical fraternity and seek their cooperation. The program requires trained counselors to be able to work in the intensive cares. The government's support is pivotal if this program to provide benefit to the common man. MOHAN Foundation has accumulated considerable experience to be able to evolve a model to take this program to the national level and more so as it recently has been granted 100% tax exemption on all donations to form a countrywide network for organ sharing.
泰米尔纳德邦一直处于印度医疗护理的前沿。它是印度首个启动活体肾移植项目的邦。它也是在1994年《人体器官移植法案》通过后，首个成功启动尸体器官项目的邦，并且在过去5年里，各医院之间形成了器官共享网络。从2000年到2006年，泰米尔纳德邦启动了一个器官共享网络，该项目的推动者是一个名为MOHAN（多器官获取援助网络的首字母缩写）基金会的非政府组织。在此期间，两个地区（泰米尔纳德邦和海得拉巴）共享的器官数量超过460个。在泰米尔纳德邦，共享的器官包括166个肾脏、24个肝脏、6颗心脏和180只眼睛。2003年，MOHAN在海得拉巴启动了共享网络，在一定程度上复制了泰米尔纳德邦的模式，并取得了一些成功，在过去3年里有96个尸体器官被移植。器官共享有许多好处，包括成本效益。目前，印度各大城市有大量脑死亡患者，他们有可能成为潜在的器官捐赠者。但由于各种后勤保障问题，他们的器官未得到利用。该项目的长期成功需要多管齐下的策略。在泰米尔纳德邦的这些年是学习、摒弃旧观念和重新学习的岁月，如今该项目已慢慢成熟，或许可以演变成一种印度模式。在这些年里，项目实施过程中遇到了各种困难，该项目成功的一些关键因素是需要对我们自己的医学界进行教育并寻求他们的合作。该项目需要训练有素的顾问，以便能够在重症监护室工作。如果该项目要造福普通民众，政府的支持至关重要。MOHAN基金会积累了丰富的经验，能够发展出一种模式，将该项目推广到全国范围，特别是因为它最近获得了所有捐赠100%免税的待遇，以形成一个全国性的器官共享网络。
