Maki Youichi, Naka Makiko
Department of Psychology, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060 0810, Japan.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2006 Oct;77(4):333-41. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.77.333.
A reminiscence bump is a phenomenon that people typically remember the events experienced the ages of 10 and 30 more often than these experienced in other period. This paper investigates (I) whether a reminiscence bump is found in autobiographical memory in Japanese elders, and (2) the features and content of autobiographical memories in general and in the bump. Twenty-five participants more than sixty-years old recalled past events using a cue-word method, described the content of each memory, dated the event, and rated the features of the memory on five scales, i.e., vividness, importance, present self-involvement, past self-involvement, and frequency of recall. The results showed that although a reminiscence bump emerged, memories within the bump did not differ from other memories in terms of rated features nor in content. Approximately 50% of autobiographical memories were "self-centered", 30% were about "self-other relations", and the rest were "other-centered" and "scenes" which did not involve people. The results were discussed in relation to theories about the reminiscence bump.
记忆隆起是一种现象，即人们通常比其他时期经历的事件更频繁地记住10岁至30岁期间所经历的事件。本文调查了：（1）日本老年人的自传体记忆中是否存在记忆隆起；（2）一般自传体记忆以及记忆隆起中的自传体记忆的特征和内容。25名60岁以上的参与者使用线索词法回忆过去的事件，描述每个记忆的内容，确定事件的日期，并在五个维度上对记忆的特征进行评分，即生动性、重要性、当前自我参与度、过去自我参与度和回忆频率。结果表明，虽然出现了记忆隆起，但隆起内的记忆在评分特征和内容方面与其他记忆并无差异。大约50%的自传体记忆是“以自我为中心”的，30%是关于“自我与他人关系”的，其余的是“以他人为中心”和不涉及人物的“场景”。结合关于记忆隆起的理论对结果进行了讨论。
