Koolstra Cees M
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Communication Science, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Percept Mot Skills. 2007 Feb;104(1):102-10. doi: 10.2466/pms.104.1.102-110.
Cultivation studies have found evidence that heavy television viewers adopt a world view congruent with how the world is portrayed in fictional television programs. An explanation is that viewers may remember fictional TV stories as realistic stories or news (fiction-to-news confusion). Until now, fiction-to-news confusion was found only if at least a week evolved between watching TV and asking viewers what was remembered. The present study conducted with a purposive sample of students and employees of a college in The Netherlands (N=96; M age = 28.6 yr., SD = 10.9) indicates that fiction-to-news confusions can also occur almost immediately after watching. In addition, whereas earlier research suggests that fiction-to-news confusions are associated with heavy viewing, i.e., more confusion when more hours per day are spent on TV viewing in leisure time, and faulty memory, the present study more specifically suggests that participants make many fiction-to-news confusions when they are exposed to relatively many fictional TV fragments that contain threatening, violent events.
培养研究发现，大量观看电视的人所形成的世界观与虚构电视节目中对世界的描绘相一致。一种解释是，观众可能会将虚构的电视故事当作真实的故事或新闻来记忆（虚构与新闻混淆）。到目前为止，只有在观看电视和询问观众所记忆内容之间至少间隔一周的情况下，才会发现虚构与新闻混淆的现象。本研究以荷兰一所大学的学生和员工为目标样本进行（N = 96；平均年龄 = 28.6岁，标准差 = 10.9），结果表明，虚构与新闻混淆现象在观看后几乎立即也会出现。此外，早期研究表明虚构与新闻混淆与大量观看电视有关，即在休闲时间每天花更多时间看电视时会出现更多混淆，同时也与记忆错误有关，而本研究更具体地表明，当参与者接触到相对较多包含威胁性、暴力事件的虚构电视片段时，他们会出现许多虚构与新闻混淆的情况。
