Henry C Jeya K, Lightowler Helen J, Strik Caroline M
Nutrition and Food Science Group, School of Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2007 Sep;98(3):636-40. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507727459. Epub 2007 Apr 23.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of long-term intervention of low-glycaemic-index (GI) v. high-GI breakfasts on energy and macronutrient intakes in children aged 8-11 years. Preadolescent children were assigned to one of two groups in a random cross-over design. Each group was given low-GI and high-GI breakfasts on two non-consecutive days per week for 10 weeks per breakfast type. Each breakfast provided approximately 1273 kJ (300 kcal) and was closely matched for macronutrient and dietary fibre content. Subsequent food intake at an ad libitum buffet lunch was recorded and daily energy and macronutrient intakes were measured by 24 h recall and 3 d food diaries. There was a tendency towards a reduced energy intake at lunch following the low-GI breakfast compared with the high-GI breakfast, although the mean difference of 75 kJ (18 kcal) was not significant (P = 0.406). In particular, there was a trend towards a reduced energy intake in the low-GI arm compared with the high-GI arm among boys. In addition, data from the 3 d food diaries showed that there was a tendency towards a reduced energy intake during the low-GI compared with the high-GI study period. In conclusion, although the difference in energy intake following the low-GI and high-GI breakfasts was not statistically significant, the reduced energy intake following the low-GI breakfast is encouraging. Both dietary fibre and carbohydrate type may affect GI, thus their potential and relative modulating effect on appetite requires further investigation.
本研究的目的是调查长期摄入低血糖指数（GI）早餐与高GI早餐对8至11岁儿童能量及常量营养素摄入量的影响。青春期前儿童按随机交叉设计被分为两组。每组每周在两个不连续的日子里分别摄入低GI和高GI早餐，每种早餐类型持续10周。每份早餐提供约1273千焦（300千卡）能量，且在常量营养素和膳食纤维含量上紧密匹配。记录随意自助餐午餐后的后续食物摄入量，并通过24小时回顾法和3天食物日记来测量每日能量及常量营养素摄入量。与高GI早餐相比，低GI早餐后午餐时的能量摄入量有降低的趋势，尽管75千焦（18千卡）的平均差异不显著（P = 0.406）。特别是，与高GI组相比，低GI组中的男孩能量摄入量有降低趋势。此外，3天食物日记的数据显示，与高GI研究期相比，低GI期的能量摄入量有降低趋势。总之，尽管低GI和高GI早餐后的能量摄入量差异无统计学意义，但低GI早餐后能量摄入量降低是令人鼓舞的。膳食纤维和碳水化合物类型都可能影响GI，因此它们对食欲的潜在及相对调节作用需要进一步研究。
