Popova Svetlana, Rehm Jürgen, Patra Jayadeep, Baliunas Dolly, Taylor Benjamin
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2007 May;26(3):251-63. doi: 10.1080/09595230701247673.
Use of illegal drugs is an important behavioral risk factor for burden of morbidity in developed countries. The objective was to estimate the number of diagnoses in acute care hospitals, psychiatric hospitalizations, admissions in specialized treatment, and number of days in treatment attributable to use of illegal drugs for Canada in 2002. The number of diagnoses in acute care hospitals, psychiatric hospitalizations, and hospital days were obtained from the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). Number of admissions and number of days in specialized inpatient and outpatient treatment of illegal drug dependency were obtained from provincial ministerial officials or drug addiction program coordinators. Except for effects of maternal use of drugs of addiction on the newborn, and suicide, drug-attributable fractions (DAFs) were estimated directly from available statistics in published literature. There were 61,026 illegal drug-related diagnoses in acute care hospitals, 1,517 psychiatric hospitalizations, and 139,773 admissions to specialized treatment attributable to illegal drug use in Canada. The largest contributors were mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use in acute care hospitals, and drug psychoses in psychiatric hospitalizations. Length of stay amounted to 352,121 days in acute care hospitals, 31,508 days in psychiatric hospitals, and 2,851,829 days in specialized treatment. Drug use constitutes a major contributor to burden of morbidity in Canada. Compared to 1992, the total number of illegal drug-attributable days in 2002 increased, especially in acute hospitals by a factor of 9.6. A mixture of prevention and harm reduction measures is proposed to reduce the burden of morbidity associated with drug use.
在发达国家，使用非法药物是导致发病负担的一个重要行为风险因素。目的是估算2002年加拿大因使用非法药物在急症医院的诊断数量、精神病住院人数、专科治疗入院人数以及治疗天数。急症医院的诊断数量、精神病住院人数和住院天数数据来自加拿大卫生信息研究所（CIHI）。非法药物依赖的专科住院和门诊治疗的入院人数及治疗天数来自省级政府官员或药物成瘾项目协调员。除了成瘾药物的母体使用对新生儿的影响以及自杀情况外，药物归因分数（DAFs）直接根据已发表文献中的现有统计数据估算得出。在加拿大，因使用非法药物在急症医院有61,026例相关诊断，1,517例精神病住院，以及139,773例专科治疗入院。最大的促成因素是急症医院中精神活性物质使用所致的精神和行为障碍，以及精神病住院中的药物性精神病。急症医院的住院时长总计352,121天，精神病医院为31,508天，专科治疗为2,851,829天。药物使用是加拿大发病负担的一个主要促成因素。与1992年相比，2002年非法药物归因天数的总数有所增加，尤其是在急症医院增加了9.6倍。建议采取预防和减少伤害措施相结合的方式，以减轻与药物使用相关的发病负担。
