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人类海马体依赖的任务:意识是必要的还是充分的?

Human hippocampal-dependent tasks: is awareness necessary or sufficient?

作者信息

Greene Anthony J

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA.

出版信息

Hippocampus. 2007;17(6):429-33. doi: 10.1002/hipo.20296.

DOI:10.1002/hipo.20296
PMID:17455198
Abstract

The hippocampus has been shown to be required for the acquisition of declarative or explicit memory. Whether all hippocampal-dependent forms of learning and memory are explicit is an open question. Controversy has emerged about the existence of implicit hippocampal-dependent tasks. Two implicit tasks that may involve the hippocampusare a relational eye tracking task (Ryan et al. (2000) Psychol Sci 11:454-461) and transitive inference (Greene et al. (2006) J Cognit Neurosci 18:1156-1173; Greene et al. (2001) Mem Cognit 29:893-902). Recently, it was shown that both of these tasks may depend upon task awareness (Smith et al. (2006) J Neurosci 26:11304-11312; Smith and Squire (2005) J Neurosci 25:10138-10146). It is argued that in both cases, distinct, explicit versions of the tasks were created, which do not disprove the implicit nature of the original tasks.

摘要

海马体已被证明是获取陈述性或显性记忆所必需的。所有依赖海马体的学习和记忆形式是否都是显性的,这是一个悬而未决的问题。关于是否存在依赖海马体的隐性任务,已经出现了争议。可能涉及海马体的两个隐性任务是关系性眼动追踪任务(瑞安等人,《心理科学》,2000年,第11卷,第454 - 461页)和传递性推理(格林等人,《认知神经科学杂志》,2006年,第18卷,第1156 - 1173页;格林等人,《记忆与认知》,2001年,第29卷,第893 - 902页)。最近的研究表明,这两个任务可能都依赖于任务意识(史密斯等人,《神经科学杂志》,2006年,第26卷,第11304 - 11312页;史密斯和斯奎尔,《神经科学杂志》,2005年,第25卷,第10138 - 10146页)。有人认为,在这两种情况下,都创建了该任务不同的显性版本,这并不能否定原始任务的隐性性质。

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