de Jong K
Department of Linguistics, Ohio State University, Columbus.
Phonetica. 1991;48(1):1-17. doi: 10.1159/000261868.
The effects of voicing, manner, and number of consonants on the duration of previous vowels in English can be created in three ways: by planned expansion or contraction of the entire vowel, by changing the relative timing of consonant and vowel gestures, or by modifying the duration of the closing movement for the consonants. An X-ray microbeam data base of 2 speakers of American English reciting monosyllabic words, which differed in their final consonants and in their position in the accentual structure of the utterance, was studied to evaluate these three accounts. In this data base, vowel duration differences due to the voicing of the following consonants were amplified by the presence of accent. Also, many of the duration differences associated with the following consonants are localized in the later portion of the opening movement, suggesting that subjects often create vowel duration changes by initiating the consonant closing gesture at an earlier or later time relative to the opening gesture.
英语中，浊音、发音方式和辅音数量对前一个元音时长的影响可以通过三种方式产生：通过对整个元音进行有计划的延长或缩短、通过改变辅音和元音发音动作的相对时间，或者通过改变辅音收尾动作的时长。研究了一个由两名说美式英语的人背诵单音节词构成的X射线微束数据库，这些单音节词的词尾辅音以及在话语重音结构中的位置各不相同，以评估这三种解释。在这个数据库中，由于后续辅音的浊音化而导致的元音时长差异因重音的存在而放大。此外，许多与后续辅音相关的时长差异集中在元音起始动作的后半部分，这表明受试者常常通过相对于起始动作提前或推迟启动辅音收尾动作来改变元音时长。
