Zawati Hilmi M
International Legal Advocacy Foundation, Montreal, Canada.
Torture. 2007;17(1):27-47.
This paper seeks to analyze the phenomenon of wartime rape and sexual torture of Croatian and Iraqi men and to explore the avenues for its prosecution under international humanitarian and human rights law. Male rape, in time of war, is predominantly an assertion of power and aggression rather than an attempt on the part of the perpetrator to satisfy sexual desire. The effect of such a horrible attack is to damage the victim's psyche, rob him of his pride, and intimidate him. In Bosnia- Herzegovina, Croatia, and Iraq, therefore, male rape and sexual torture has been used as a weapon of war with dire consequences for the victim's mental, physical, and sexual health. Testimonies collected at the Medical Centre for Human Rights in Zagreb and reports received from Iraq make it clear that prisoners in these conflicts have been exposed to sexual humiliation, as well as to systematic and systemic sexual torture. This paper calls upon the international community to combat the culture of impunity in both dictator-ruled and democratic countries by bringing the crime of wartime rape into the international arena, and by removing all barriers to justice facing the victims. Moreover, it emphasizes the fact that wartime rape is the ultimate humiliation that can be inflicted on a human being, and it must be regarded as one of the most grievous crimes against humanity. The international community has to consider wartime rape a crime of war and a threat to peace and security. It is in this respect that civilian community associations can fulfill their duties by encouraging victims of male rape to break their silence and address their socio-medical needs, including reparations and rehabilitation.
本文旨在分析针对克罗地亚和伊拉克男性的战时强奸及性虐待现象，并探讨依据国际人道主义法和人权法对其进行起诉的途径。战时男性强奸主要是一种权力和侵略的宣示，而非施暴者为满足性欲的企图。这种可怕攻击的影响是损害受害者的心理、剥夺其尊严并对其进行恐吓。因此，在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、克罗地亚及伊拉克，男性强奸和性虐待被用作战争武器，给受害者的心理、身体和性健康带来了可怕后果。在萨格勒布人权医疗中心收集的证词以及从伊拉克收到的报告表明，这些冲突中的囚犯遭受了性羞辱以及有组织、有系统的性虐待。本文呼吁国际社会通过将战时强奸罪行引入国际视野，并消除受害者面临的所有司法障碍，来打击独裁统治国家和民主国家中存在的有罪不罚文化。此外，本文强调战时强奸是对人类所能施加的终极羞辱，必须被视为最严重的危害人类罪之一。国际社会必须将战时强奸视为战争罪行以及对和平与安全的威胁。在这方面民间社区组织可以履行职责，鼓励男性强奸受害者打破沉默并满足他们在社会医疗方面的需求，包括赔偿和康复。
