Gilja Odd Helge, Hatlebakk Jan G, Odegaard Svein, Berstad Arnold, Viola Ivan, Giertsen Christopher, Hausken Trygve, Gregersen Hans
National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen N-5021, Norway.
World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Mar 7;13(9):1408-21. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i9.1408.
Advanced medical imaging and visualization has a strong impact on research and clinical decision making in gastroenterology. The aim of this paper is to show how imaging and visualization can disclose structural and functional abnormalities of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Imaging methods such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopy, endosonography, and elastography will be outlined and visualization with Virtual Reality and haptic methods. Ultrasonography is a versatile method that can be used to evaluate antral contractility, gastric emptying, transpyloric flow, gastric configuration, intragastric distribution of meals, gastric accommodation and strain measurement of the gastric wall. Advanced methods for endoscopic ultrasound, three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound, and tissue Doppler (Strain Rate Imaging) provide detailed information of the GI tract. Food hypersensitivity reactions including gastrointestinal reactions due to food allergy can be visualized by ultrasonography and MRI. Development of multi-parametric and multi-modal imaging may increase diagnostic benefits and facilitate fusion of diagnostic and therapeutic imaging in the future.
先进的医学成像与可视化技术对胃肠病学的研究和临床决策有着重大影响。本文旨在展示成像与可视化技术如何揭示胃肠道（GI）的结构和功能异常。将概述超声检查、磁共振成像（MRI）、内窥镜检查、内镜超声检查和弹性成像等成像方法，以及虚拟现实和触觉方法的可视化技术。超声检查是一种多功能方法，可用于评估胃窦收缩性、胃排空、经幽门血流、胃形态、胃内食物分布、胃容纳功能以及胃壁应变测量。内镜超声、三维（3D）超声和组织多普勒（应变率成像）等先进方法可提供胃肠道的详细信息。包括食物过敏引起的胃肠道反应在内的食物超敏反应可通过超声检查和MRI进行可视化。多参数和多模态成像的发展可能会增加诊断效益，并在未来促进诊断和治疗成像的融合。
