Bruce Charles W, Corral Alba Yadira, Lara Antonio S
Department of Physics, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2007 Apr;57(4):444-56. doi: 10.3155/1047-3289.57.4.444.
The following results provide a comparison between net airborne contamination produced by the traditional form of kiln used in Northern Mexico and by those modified according to a design by Dr. Robert Marquez. What has become known as the MK style kiln was intended to significantly reduce contaminant emissions. The concept involves covering the kiln with a dome and channeling the output of an active kiln through a second, identical loaded kiln for its additional filtration of the effluents. Kilns of a pair are connected via clay brick channels. The roles are reversed after the initial kiln is refilled. Significant reductions in the particulate and gaseous emissions were achieved in the prototype system, but a connectional problem with recent kiln pairs has also limited the degree of operational success. The problem did not mask the potential of the MK kiln, as will be shown. Additional anticipated benefits to the owners of MK kilns, such as reduced operating cycles and decreased quantities of fuel, also have been verified. Key measurements made during all of the burns were of aerosol densities and buoyancies in the flues, kiln temperatures, and, on a number of occasions, chemical analyses of both aerosol and gaseous effluents. Continuous time histories of aerosol densities for most burns (of a total of -40) provide a basis for examining features and the effects of differing styles of operation with respect to burn efficiency and net contaminant masses. Covering the active kiln with a dome produces a net reduction in dry aerosol effluent mass of a factor between 5 and 10, whereas the addition of a filter kiln produces a net reduction of about a factor of 2. The use of used motor oil as a fuel further reduced aerosol contamination by -1 order of magnitude.
以下结果对墨西哥北部使用的传统窑炉形式与按照罗伯特·马尔克斯博士的设计进行改造后的窑炉所产生的空气传播净污染物进行了比较。后来被称为MK型窑炉的设计旨在显著减少污染物排放。该概念包括用一个穹顶覆盖窑炉，并将正在使用的窑炉的废气通过第二个相同装载的窑炉进行额外过滤。一对窑炉通过粘土砖通道相连。在最初的窑炉重新装填后，两者的角色互换。在原型系统中，颗粒物和气态排放都有显著减少，但最近几对窑炉出现的连接问题也限制了运行成功的程度。不过，正如将展示的那样，这个问题并没有掩盖MK窑炉的潜力。MK窑炉的所有者还获得了其他预期的好处，比如减少运行周期和降低燃料用量，这些也都得到了验证。在所有燃烧过程中进行的关键测量包括烟道中的气溶胶密度和浮力、窑炉温度，并且在一些情况下，还对气溶胶和气态废气进行了化学分析。大多数燃烧（总共约40次）的气溶胶密度随时间的连续记录为研究不同操作方式在燃烧效率和净污染物质量方面的特征及影响提供了依据。用穹顶覆盖正在使用的窑炉可使干燥气溶胶废气质量净减少5到10倍，而增加一个过滤窑炉可使净减少约2倍。使用废机油作为燃料可使气溶胶污染进一步降低约一个数量级。
