Tilt Jenna H, Unfried Thomas M, Roca Belen
Urban Ecology Program, College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2007 Mar-Apr;21(4 Suppl):371-9. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-21.4s.371.
Examine the influence of destinations within walking distance of a residence and vegetation on walking trips and body mass index (BMI).
Cross-sectional analysis of data from residences with varying accessibility and greenness.
Seattle, Washington.
Stratified random sample of residents, stratified by accessibility and greenness. RESPONSE RATE: 17.5 %, 529 respondents.
Accessibility and greenness were measured objectively by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Network Analysis and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), respectively. Self-reported destinations, natural features, walking trips, BMI, and importance of destinations were measured through a postal survey.
Objective accessibility were related to walking trips per month (r(2) = .110, p < .0001), as was subjective greenness (r(2) = .051, p < .0001), although objective measures of actual greenness were not. In areas with high accessibility, BMI was lower in areas that had high NDVI, or more greenness (r(2) = .129428, model p < .0001; t-test of interaction p = .0257). Low NDVI areas were associated with overestimation of the number of destinations within walking distance (F1, 499 = 11.009, p = .001).
Objective and subjective measurements of accessibility and greenness led to an understanding of variation among walking trips and BMI in different neighborhoods.
研究住所步行可达范围内的目的地以及植被对步行出行和体重指数（BMI）的影响。
对具有不同可达性和绿化程度的住所数据进行横断面分析。
华盛顿州西雅图市。
按可达性和绿化程度分层的居民分层随机样本。回复率：17.5%，529名受访者。
可达性和绿化程度分别通过地理信息系统（GIS）网络分析和归一化植被指数（NDVI）进行客观测量。通过邮政调查测量自我报告的目的地、自然特征、步行出行、BMI以及目的地的重要性。
客观可达性与每月步行出行次数相关（r² = 0.110，p < 0.0001），主观绿化程度也是如此（r² = 0.051，p < 0.0001），尽管实际绿化程度的客观测量结果并非如此。在可达性高的地区，NDVI高或绿化程度高的地区BMI较低（r² = 0.129428，模型p < 0.0001；交互作用的t检验p = 0.0257）。NDVI低的地区与高估步行可达范围内的目的地数量相关（F1, 499 = 11.009，p = 0.001）。
可达性和绿化程度的客观和主观测量有助于理解不同社区步行出行和BMI的差异。
