Aytur Semra A, Rodriguez Daniel A, Evenson Kelly R, Catellier Diane J, Rosamond Wayne D
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Bank of America Center, 137 East Franklin Street Suite 306, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2007 Mar-Apr;21(4 Suppl):397-407. doi: 10.4278/0890-1171-21.4s.397.
To examine the role of land use and transportation plans as policy instruments for promoting active community environments.
Cross-sectional analysis using multilevel models to examine whether active community environment scores were associated with leisure and transportation-related physical activity (PA) and whether associations varied by household income.
67 North Carolina counties
Adults (n = 6694) from pooled 2000 and 2002 North Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys.
Active community environment scores, derived from a 2003 survey of planning directors, representing the presence of nonmotorized transportation improvements, mixed land use classification, and comprehensiveness of implementation tools. Dependent variables were self-reported PA measures from the BRFSS. Sociodemographic variables were derived from the 2000 U.S. Census of Population.
After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, more favorable active community environment scores were significantly associated with leisure PA (p = .001), transportation PA (p < .01), bicycling (p < .05), walking 150 minutes/week (p < .001), and meeting PA recommendations (p < .0001). In stratified analyses, lower-income individuals (<$25, 000) living in high scoring counties were three times more likely to participate in transportation PA compared with those living in low scoring counties (95% confidence interval, 1.4, 7.3).
This study identifies previously unexamined policy and institutional correlates of PA related to land use and transportation planning. Plans may provide a means to incorporate community support for active living into public policy.
探讨土地利用和交通规划作为促进积极社区环境的政策工具所发挥的作用。
采用多层次模型进行横断面分析，以检验积极社区环境得分是否与休闲及交通相关的身体活动（PA）相关，以及这种关联是否因家庭收入而异。
北卡罗来纳州67个县
来自2000年和2002年北卡罗来纳州行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）合并调查的成年人（n = 6694）。
积极社区环境得分，源自2003年对规划主任的一项调查，代表非机动车交通改善措施的存在情况、混合土地利用分类以及实施工具的全面性。因变量是BRFSS中自我报告的身体活动测量指标。社会人口统计学变量源自2000年美国人口普查。
在对社会人口统计学因素进行调整后，更有利的积极社区环境得分与休闲身体活动（p = 0.001）、交通身体活动（p < 0.01）、骑自行车（p < 0.05）、每周步行150分钟（p < 0.001）以及达到身体活动建议水平（p < 0.0001）显著相关。在分层分析中，生活在高分县的低收入个体（<$25,000）参与交通身体活动的可能性是生活在低分县的个体的三倍（95%置信区间，1.4, 7.3）。
本研究确定了此前未被研究的与土地利用和交通规划相关的身体活动政策及制度关联因素。规划可能提供一种将社区对积极生活方式的支持纳入公共政策的方法。
