Zwald Marissa L, Eyler Amy A, Goins Karin Valentine, Brownson Ross C, Schmid Thomas L, Lemon Stephenie C
Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri (Ms Zwald and Drs Eyler and Brownson); Division of Public Health Sciences and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri (Dr Brownson); University of Massachusetts Worcester Prevention Research Center, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts (Ms Goins and Dr Lemon); and Physical Activity and Health Branch, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Schmid).
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2017 Jul/Aug;23(4):348-355. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000152.
Local transportation policies can impact the built environment and physical activity. Municipal officials play a critical role in transportation policy and planning decisions, yet little is known about what influences their involvement.
To describe municipal officials' involvement in transportation policies that were supportive of walking and bicycling and to examine individual- and job-related predictors of involvement in transportation policies among municipal officials.
A cross-sectional survey was administered online from June to July 2012 to municipal officials in 83 urban areas with a population of 50 000 or more residents across 8 states.
A total of 461 municipal officials from public health, planning, transportation, public works, community and economic development, parks and recreation, city management, and municipal legislatures responded to the survey.
Participation in the development, adoption, or implementation of a municipal transportation policy supportive of walking or bicycling.
Multivariate logistic regression analyses, conducted in September 2013, revealed that perceived importance of economic development and traffic congestion was positively associated with involvement in a municipal transportation policy (odds ratio [OR] = 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02-1.70; OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.26-2.01, respectively). Higher perceived resident support of local government to address economic development was associated with an increased likelihood of participation in a transportation policy (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.24-2.32). Respondents who perceived lack of collaboration as a barrier were less likely to be involved in a transportation policy (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.63-0.97). Municipal officials who lived in the city or town in which they worked were significantly more likely to be involved in a transportation policy (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.05-3.17).
Involvement in a local transportation policy by a municipal official was associated with greater perceived importance of economic development and traffic congestion in job responsibilities, greater perceived resident support of local government to address economic development, and residence of the municipal official. Lack of collaboration represented a barrier to local transportation policy participation.
地方交通政策会影响建成环境和身体活动。市政官员在交通政策和规划决策中发挥着关键作用，但对于影响他们参与度的因素却知之甚少。
描述市政官员对支持步行和骑自行车的交通政策的参与情况，并研究市政官员参与交通政策的个人和与工作相关的预测因素。
2012年6月至7月对8个州83个人口5万或以上居民的城市地区的市政官员进行了一项在线横断面调查。
来自公共卫生、规划、交通、公共工程、社区与经济发展、公园与娱乐、城市管理和市立法机构的461名市政官员回复了该调查。
参与制定、通过或实施支持步行或骑自行车的市政交通政策。
2013年9月进行的多因素逻辑回归分析显示，经济发展和交通拥堵的感知重要性与参与市政交通政策呈正相关（优势比[OR]=1.32，95%置信区间[CI]=1.02-1.70；OR=1.59，95%CI=1.26-2.01）。居民对地方政府解决经济发展问题的更高支持感知与参与交通政策的可能性增加相关（OR=1.70，95%CI=1.24-2.32）。将缺乏合作视为障碍的受访者参与交通政策的可能性较小（OR=0.78，95%CI=0.63-0.97）。在其工作所在城市或城镇居住的市政官员参与交通政策的可能性显著更高（OR=1.83，95%CI=1.05-3.17）。
市政官员参与地方交通政策与工作职责中经济发展和交通拥堵的更高感知重要性、居民对地方政府解决经济发展问题的更高支持感知以及市政官员的居住情况相关。缺乏合作是地方交通政策参与的一个障碍。
