Strumia Alberto
Department of Mathematics, University of Bari, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2007;78 Suppl 1:32-8.
Today's sciences seem to converge all towards very similar foundational questions. Such claims, both of epistemological and ontological nature, seem to rediscover, in a new fashion some of the most relevant topics of ancient Greek and Mediaeval philosophy of nature, logic and metaphysics, such as the problem of the relationship between the whole and its parts (non redictionism), the problems of the paradoxes arising from the attempt to conceive the entity like an univocal concept (analogy and analogia entis), the problem of the mind-body relationship and that of an adequate cognitive theory (abstraction and immaterial nature of the mind), the complexity of some physical, chemical and biological systems and global properties arising from information (matter-form theory), etc. Medicine too is involved in some of such relevant questions and cannot avoid to take them into a special account.
当今的各门科学似乎都趋向于非常相似的基础问题。这类认识论和本体论性质的主张，似乎以一种新的方式重新发现了古希腊和中世纪自然哲学、逻辑学及形而上学中一些最相关的主题，比如整体与其部分之间的关系问题（非还原论）、试图将实体构想为一个单一概念时产生的悖论问题（类比与存在的类比）、身心关系问题以及适当认知理论的问题（心智的抽象性与非物质性）、一些物理、化学和生物系统的复杂性以及由信息产生的全局属性问题（质料-形式理论）等等。医学也涉及到其中一些相关问题，并且不能不特别考虑它们。
