De Lorenzo R A, Eilers M A
Department of Emergency Medicine, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio 45401-0927.
Ann Emerg Med. 1991 Dec;20(12):1331-5. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(05)81076-5.
Emergency medical services providers routinely respond to emergencies using lights and siren. This practice is not without risk of collision. Audible and visual warning devices and vehicle markings are integral to efficient negotiation of traffic and reduction of collision risk. An understanding of warning system characteristics is necessary to implement appropriate guidelines for prehospital transportation systems. The pertinent literature on emergency vehicle warning systems is reviewed, with emphasis on potential health hazards associated with these techniques. Important findings inferred from the literature are 1) red flashing lights alone may not be as effective as other color combinations, 2) there are no data to support a seizure risk with strobe lights, 3) lime-yellow is probably superior to traditional emergency vehicle colors, 4) the siren is an extremely limited warning device, and 5) exposure to siren noise can cause hearing loss. Emergency physicians must ensure that emergency medical services transportation systems consider the pertinent literature on emergency vehicle warning systems.
紧急医疗服务人员在应对紧急情况时通常会使用警灯和警报器。这种做法并非没有碰撞风险。听觉和视觉警示装置以及车辆标识对于高效通行和降低碰撞风险至关重要。了解警示系统的特性对于实施院前运输系统的适当指导方针是必要的。本文回顾了有关应急车辆警示系统的相关文献，重点关注与这些技术相关的潜在健康危害。从文献中推断出的重要发现有：1）仅红色闪烁灯可能不如其他颜色组合有效；2）没有数据支持频闪灯有引发癫痫发作的风险；3）石灰黄色可能优于传统应急车辆颜色；4）警报器是一种极其有限的警示装置；5）暴露于警报器噪音中会导致听力损失。急诊医生必须确保紧急医疗服务运输系统考虑有关应急车辆警示系统的相关文献。
