von Borell Eberhard, Dobson Hilary, Prunier Armelle
Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany.
Horm Behav. 2007 Jun;52(1):130-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.03.014. Epub 2007 Mar 31.
Female farm animals are exposed to a great variety of environmental and management related stressors. As a consequence, their reproductive and maternal abilities may be compromised through mechanisms acting on the hypothalamic, pituitary, ovarian and uterine function. Responses to short- and long-term stressors may differ as short-term stressors often fail to affect reproduction or even may have stimulatory effects. Thus, the stress response induces diverse neuroendocrine reactions that can either increase or decrease the probability of an animal reproducing depending on the specific situation. The aim of the present review is to summarise the current knowledge on the stress concept and its implications on behaviour and reproductive performance in cows and female pigs as phenomena reported in laboratory animals are unable to explain all effects encountered in domesticated farm animals.
雌性农场动物面临着各种各样与环境和管理相关的应激源。因此，它们的生殖和母性能力可能会通过作用于下丘脑、垂体、卵巢和子宫功能的机制而受到损害。对短期和长期应激源的反应可能不同，因为短期应激源往往不会影响繁殖，甚至可能具有刺激作用。因此，应激反应会引发多种神经内分泌反应，根据具体情况，这些反应可能会增加或降低动物繁殖的概率。本综述的目的是总结当前关于应激概念及其对奶牛和母猪行为及繁殖性能影响的知识，因为实验室动物中报道的现象无法解释家畜中遇到的所有影响。
