Day Caroline
Diabetes Research Group, School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2007 Mar;4(1):32-8. doi: 10.3132/dvdr.2007.003.
The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors which predispose an individual to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. There is general consensus regarding the main components of the syndrome (glucose intolerance, obesity, raised blood pressure and dyslipidaemia [elevated triglycerides, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol]) but different definitions require different cut points and have different mandatory inclusion criteria. Although insulin resistance is considered a major pathological influence, only the World Health Organization (WHO) and European Group for the study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR) definitions include it amongst the diagnostic criteria and only the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition has waist circumference as a mandatory component. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome within individual cohorts varies with the definition used. Within each definition, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome increases with age and varies with gender and ethnicity. There is a lack of diagnostic concordance between different definitions. Only about 30% of people could be given the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome using most definitions, and about 3540% of people diagnosed with metabolic syndrome are only classified as such using one definition. There is currently debate regarding the validity of the term metabolic syndrome, but the presence of one cardiovascular risk factor should raise suspicion that additional risk factors may also be present and encourage investigation. Individual risk factors should be treated.
代谢综合征是一组危险因素的聚集，使个体易患心血管疾病并导致死亡。对于该综合征的主要组成部分（葡萄糖耐量异常、肥胖、血压升高和血脂异常[甘油三酯升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低]）存在普遍共识，但不同的定义需要不同的切点，且有不同的强制纳入标准。尽管胰岛素抵抗被认为是一种主要的病理影响，但只有世界卫生组织（WHO）和欧洲胰岛素抵抗研究小组（EGIR）的定义将其纳入诊断标准，并且只有国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）的定义将腰围作为强制组成部分。各个队列中代谢综合征的患病率因所使用的定义而异。在每个定义中，代谢综合征的患病率随年龄增加而上升，并因性别和种族而有所不同。不同定义之间缺乏诊断一致性。使用大多数定义，只有约30%的人可被诊断为代谢综合征，而约35%至40%被诊断为代谢综合征的人仅根据一种定义被归类为此类。目前对于“代谢综合征”这一术语的有效性存在争议，但存在一种心血管危险因素应引起怀疑，即可能还存在其他危险因素，并应鼓励进行调查。应针对个体危险因素进行治疗。
