Jax Steven A, Rosenbaum David A
Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2007 Apr;33(2):425-41. doi: 10.1037/0096-1523.33.2.425.
According to a prominent theory of human perception and performance (M. A. Goodale & A. D. Milner, 1992), the dorsal, action-related stream only controls visually guided actions in real time. Such a system would be predicted to show little or no action priming from previous experience. The 3 experiments reported here were designed to determine whether priming exists for visually guiding the hand to targets with obstacles sometimes in the way. In all 3 experiments, priming was observed in the curvature of hand paths. Hand paths when no obstacles were present were more curved if obstacles had recently appeared than if obstacles had not recently appeared. The results also show that hand path priming was not the result of active prediction, persisted for many trials, and generalized over the workspace. The times to initiate movements also reflected the use of a sophisticated visual search strategy that took obstacle likelihood into account.
根据一种关于人类感知与行为表现的著名理论（M. A. 古德尔和A. D. 米尔纳，1992），背侧的、与动作相关的信息流仅实时控制视觉引导的动作。预计这样一个系统几乎不会或根本不会表现出基于先前经验的动作启动效应。此处报告的3个实验旨在确定在有时存在障碍物的情况下，视觉引导手部朝向目标时是否存在启动效应。在所有3个实验中，均在手路径的曲率中观察到了启动效应。当没有障碍物时，如果最近出现过障碍物，手部路径的弯曲程度会比最近没有出现过障碍物时更大。结果还表明，手部路径启动效应并非主动预测的结果，在多次试验中持续存在，并在工作空间中具有普遍性。开始动作的时间也反映了一种复杂的视觉搜索策略的运用，该策略考虑了障碍物的可能性。
