Bergman Mindy E, Palmieri Patrick A, Drasgow Fritz, Ormerod Alayne J
Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4235, USA.
J Occup Health Psychol. 2007 Apr;12(2):144-60. doi: 10.1037/1076-8998.12.2.144.
The nature, rate, and higher-order relationships among facets of racial/ethnic harassment (REH) and discrimination (RED) were examined across five racial/ethnic groups in a sample of 5,000 US military personnel. Using a hierarchical, multigroup confirmatory factor analysis approach, results suggest that the nature of REH and RED do not differ by race, with behavioral items equally representing REH and RED across the different groups. Further, higher-order relationships among the facets of REH and RED do not vary across race, with a single second-order factor accounting for the relationships. This single factor is theorized to represent a root intergroup prejudice that leads to harassment and discrimination. However, as anticipated, individuals from minority groups generally reported higher levels of REH and RED once measurement equivalence has been established. Together, the results suggest that both intergroup prejudice (which is multidirectional) and racism (which originates in powerful groups against other groups) are operating in REH and RED experiences.
在一个由5000名美国军事人员组成的样本中，对五个种族/族裔群体的种族/族裔骚扰（REH）和歧视（RED）各方面之间的性质、发生率及高阶关系进行了研究。采用分层多组验证性因素分析方法，结果表明，REH和RED的性质不因种族而异，行为项目在不同群体中同样代表REH和RED。此外，REH和RED各方面之间的高阶关系在不同种族间并无差异，由一个单一的二阶因素解释这些关系。理论上，这个单一因素代表导致骚扰和歧视的群体间根本偏见。然而，正如预期的那样，一旦建立了测量等效性，少数群体的个体通常报告更高水平的REH和RED。综合来看，结果表明群体间偏见（是多向的）和种族主义（源于强势群体对其他群体）在REH和RED经历中都起作用。
