Smit Filip, Comijs Hannie, Schoevers Robert, Cuijpers Pim, Deeg Dorly, Beekman Aartjan
Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Br J Psychiatry. 2007 May;190:428-34. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.023127.
Anxiety disorders in older people are highly prevalent, yet there is little evidence to guide targeted prevention strategies.
To identify subgroups at increased risk of developing anxiety in later life.
Anxiety was measured with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression anxiety sub-scale in 1931 people aged 55-85 years followed over 3 years. Risk factors were identified that had a high combined attributable fraction, indicative of substantial health gains when the adverse effect of the risk factors can be contained.
Factors significantly associated with increased risk of developing anxiety included sub-threshold anxiety, depression, two or more chronic illnesses, poor sense of mastery, poor self-rated health and low educational level.
The identified risk groups are small, thus providing prevention with a narrow focus, and health gains are likely to be more substantial than in groups not exposed to these risk factors. Nevertheless, more research is needed to produce evidence on target groups where prevention has optimal impacts.
老年人焦虑症极为普遍，但几乎没有证据可指导针对性的预防策略。
确定晚年发生焦虑风险增加的亚组。
采用医院焦虑抑郁量表的焦虑分量表对1931名年龄在55 - 85岁之间的人进行了为期3年的随访，以测量焦虑情况。确定了具有高合并归因分数的风险因素，这表明当风险因素的不利影响能够得到控制时，可获得显著的健康收益。
与焦虑发生风险增加显著相关的因素包括阈下焦虑、抑郁、两种或更多种慢性病、掌控感差、自评健康状况差以及教育水平低。
所确定的风险群体规模较小，因此预防工作的重点较为狭窄，而且与未暴露于这些风险因素的群体相比，健康收益可能更大。然而，仍需要更多研究来提供关于预防产生最佳效果的目标群体的证据。
