Pardío Violeta T, Ibarra Nelly De J, Waliszewski Krzysztof N, López Karla M
Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2007 May;42(4):359-66. doi: 10.1080/03601230701310500.
To assess the effect of coumaphos [O-(3-chloro-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl) O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate] exposure on physiological responses during bovine production, acetylcolinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities were measured in whole blood, erythrocytes, and plasma of healthy male steers (Bos Taurus x Bos indicus) sprayed with coumaphos at a non-lethal dose of 1 mg kg(- 1) body weight per day once every 14 (in vivo group) or 21 days (southern and central groups). Coumaphos topically administered at 1 mg/kg body weight per day to cattle under normal management practices in tropical areas produced a significant inhibition in erythrocyte (RBC) AChE and BuAChE activities when compared to baseline levels. RBC-AChE activity for the in vivo group decreased 71.3% (P < 0.05) and BuChE activity 59.1% (P < 0.05); RBC-AChE activity decreased 55.1% (P < 0.05) (southern group) and 43.4% (P < 0.05) (central group). Compared to the control specimens, steers from in vivo, southern, and central groups after 150 days of exposure had lower (P < 0.05) leukocyte count, absolute lymphocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet counts. Decreases in RBC-AChE activities correlated with decreased lymphocyte (r = 1.000, p = 0.01), erythrocyte (r = 1.000, p = 0.003), and platelet counts (r = 0.841, p = 0.036). Significantly increased BUN levels (P < 0.05) correlated with the decrease in RBC-AChE activities (r = - 0.997, p = 0.047) and with the decrease in absolute red blood cell (r = - 0.883, p = 0.020) and lymphocyte (r = - 0.825, p = 0.043) counts; increased (P < 0.05) total plasma protein levels correlated with the decrease in RBC-AChE activities (r = -0.998, p = 0.043), absolute red blood cell (r = - 0.998, p = 0.040), lymphocyte (r = - 0.893, p = 0.017), and platelet (r = -0.855, p = 0.030) counts. The physiological responses correlated with the erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibition could be considered as early indicators or warning responses of bovine exposures to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs).
为评估蝇毒磷[O-(3-氯-4-甲基-2-氧代-2H-1-苯并吡喃-7-基)O,O-二乙基硫代磷酸酯]暴露对牛生产过程中生理反应的影响，对健康雄性阉牛（瘤牛×印度野牛）以1 mg kg⁻¹体重的非致死剂量，每14天（体内组）或21天（南部和中部组）喷洒一次蝇毒磷，然后检测其全血、红细胞和血浆中的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BuChE）活性。在热带地区正常管理条件下，每天以1 mg/kg体重对牛进行局部涂抹蝇毒磷，与基线水平相比，红细胞（RBC）AChE和BuAChE活性受到显著抑制。体内组的红细胞AChE活性下降了71.3%（P<0.05），BuChE活性下降了59.1%（P<0.05）；南部组红细胞AChE活性下降了55.1%（P<0.05），中部组下降了43.4%（P<0.05）。与对照样本相比，暴露150天后，体内组、南部组和中部组的阉牛白细胞计数、绝对淋巴细胞、红细胞和血小板计数较低（P<0.05）。红细胞AChE活性的降低与淋巴细胞计数减少（r = 1.000，p = 0.01）、红细胞计数减少（r = 1.000，p = 0.003）和血小板计数减少（r = 0.841，p = 0.036）相关。血尿素氮水平显著升高（P<0.05）与红细胞AChE活性降低（r = - 0.997，p = 0.047）以及绝对红细胞计数减少（r = - 0.883，p = 0.020）和淋巴细胞计数减少（r = - 0.825，p = 0.043）相关；血浆总蛋白水平升高（P<0.05）与红细胞AChE活性降低（r = -0.998，p = 0.043）、绝对红细胞计数减少（r = - 0.998, p = 0.040）、淋巴细胞计数减少（r = - 0.893，p = 0.017）和血小板计数减少（r = -0.855，p = 0.030）相关。与红细胞乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制相关的生理反应可被视为牛接触有机磷农药（OPs）的早期指标或预警反应。
