Kołodziej Wiesława
Kolegium Ksztalcenia Umiejetności Pielegniarskich Slaskiej Akademii Medycznej w Katowicach.
Wiad Lek. 2002;55 Suppl 1(Pt 2):743-52.
Contemporary programs of counteracting to HIV/AIDS must include a component of shaping positive attitudes towards people infected with the HIV virus. A pro-social, empathic attitude of medical circles can be a guarantee of safe, mutual interactions. Recognition and correction of the attitude of medical staff who enter into different interactions with a seropositive patient is very important if we are to improve the quality of medical care in Poland, a country standing for EU. The paper attempts to evaluate and compare the attitudes of medical staff in infectious diseases institutions and in non-infectious diseases institutions towards people infected with HIV or suffering from AIDS. The basic research tool was the author's survey directed to medical staff and the supplementary techniques were: observation and interviews with people ill with AIDS. The research was carried out in five towns of Southern Poland, mostly in the Silesian region, as well as in four centres specializing in AIDS diagnostics and treatment. From the obtained research material (123 surveys, 70 interviews, and the results of a year-long participating observation) follows that: About 25% of staff employed at infectious diseases departments and 51% of staff employed at non-infectious diseases departments do not approve of seropositive patients. As many as 75% of staff in specialistic units and 96% of staff employed at non-infectious diseases departments think that the patient should be obliged to inform about the infection. Only 13.2% of medical staff from infectious diseases departments and 4.3% from non-infectious diseases departments have been delegated to specialist courses in this scope, and internal hospital training has been organized for about 30% of medical personnel. Medical staff do not treat every sick person as potentially infected; 58% of people working with the patient do not think about the possibility of getting infected or infecting others. 30% of people working with patients who suffer from AIDS are forced to do it by the current situation in the labor market and they receive additional financial gratitude.
当代应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的项目必须包含一个塑造对感染艾滋病毒者积极态度的组成部分。医学界亲社会、有同理心的态度可以成为安全、相互互动的保障。如果我们要提高作为欧盟成员国的波兰的医疗服务质量，认识并纠正与血清反应呈阳性患者进行不同互动的医务人员的态度非常重要。本文试图评估和比较传染病机构和非传染病机构的医务人员对艾滋病毒感染者或艾滋病患者的态度。基本研究工具是作者针对医务人员的调查，补充技术包括：对艾滋病患者的观察和访谈。研究在波兰南部的五个城镇进行，主要是在西里西亚地区，以及四个专门从事艾滋病诊断和治疗的中心。从获得的研究材料（123份调查问卷、70次访谈以及为期一年的参与观察结果）可以看出：传染病科室约25%的工作人员和非传染病科室51%的工作人员不认可血清反应呈阳性的患者。多达75%的专科单位工作人员和96%的非传染病科室工作人员认为患者有义务告知感染情况。传染病科室只有13.2%的医务人员和非传染病科室4.3%的医务人员参加过这方面的专业课程，约30%的医务人员接受过医院内部培训。医务人员并非将每个患者都视为潜在感染者；58%与患者打交道的人没有考虑到感染或传染他人的可能性。30%与艾滋病患者打交道的人是由于当前劳动力市场的情况而被迫这样做的，他们会得到额外的经济报酬。
