Gutkowska Jolanta, Paquette Amélie, Wang Donghao, Lavoie Jean-Marc, Jankowski Marek
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biochemistry, CHUM-Hôtel-Dieu Centre de Recherche, 3850 Rue Saint-Urbain, Pavillon Masson, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 Jul;293(1):R267-75. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00071.2007. Epub 2007 May 2.
Exercise training results in cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations that may be beneficial in menopausal women by reducing blood pressure, insulin resistance, and cholesterol level. The adaptation of the cardiac hormonal systems oxytocin (OT), natriuretic peptides (NPs), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in response to exercise training was investigated in intact and ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Ovariectomy significantly augmented body weight (BW), left ventricle (LV) mass, and intra-abdominal fat pad weight and decreased the expression of oxytocin receptor (OTR), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A), in the right atrium (RA) and LV, indicating estrogenic control of these genes. These effects of ovariectomy were counteracted by 8-wk-long exercise training which decreased fat pad weight (33.4 +/- 2.3 to 23.4 +/- 3.1 g, n = 8, P < 0.05), plasma free fatty acids (0.124 +/- 0.033 to 0.057 +/- 0.010 mM, n = 8, P < 0.01), and plasma triacylglycerol (0.978 +/- 0.174 to 0.588 +/- 0.115 mM, n = 8, P < 0.05). Chronic exercise tended to decrease BW and stimulated ANP (4- to 5-fold) and OTR gene expression in the LV and RA and BNP and inducible NOS (iNOS) mRNA in the LV. In sham-operated rats, exercise augmented ANP expression in the RA, downregulated GC-A mRNA in the LV and RA, but increased its expression threefold in the RA of OVX animals. Endothelial NOS and iNOS expression was enhanced in the left atrium of sham-operated rats. Altogether, these data indicate that in OVX animals, chronic exercise significantly enhances cardiac OT, NPs, and NOS, thus implicating all three hormonal systems in the beneficial effects of exercise training.
运动训练可导致心血管和代谢适应性变化，这可能通过降低血压、胰岛素抵抗和胆固醇水平而对绝经后女性有益。研究了完整和去卵巢（OVX）大鼠心脏激素系统催产素（OT）、利钠肽（NPs）和一氧化氮合酶（NOS）对运动训练的适应性。卵巢切除术显著增加了体重（BW）、左心室（LV）质量和腹腔脂肪垫重量，并降低了右心房（RA）和LV中催产素受体（OTR）、心房利钠肽（ANP）、脑利钠肽（BNP）和鸟苷酸环化酶-A（GC-A）的表达，表明这些基因受雌激素调控。卵巢切除术的这些影响被为期8周的运动训练抵消，运动训练降低了脂肪垫重量（从33.4±2.3克降至23.4±3.1克，n = 8，P < 0.05）、血浆游离脂肪酸（从0.124±0.033毫摩尔降至0.057±0.010毫摩尔，n = 8，P < 0.01）和血浆三酰甘油（从0.978±0.174毫摩尔降至0.588±0.115毫摩尔，n = 8，P < 0.05）。长期运动倾向于降低体重，并刺激LV和RA中ANP（4至5倍）和OTR基因表达以及LV中BNP和诱导型NOS（iNOS）mRNA表达。在假手术大鼠中，运动增加了RA中ANP表达，下调了LV和RA中GC-A mRNA表达，但在OVX动物RA中其表达增加了三倍。假手术大鼠左心房中内皮型NOS和iNOS表达增强。总之，这些数据表明，在OVX动物中，长期运动显著增强了心脏OT、NPs和NOS，从而表明这三种激素系统均参与运动训练的有益作用。
