Nock Matthew K, Banaji Mahzarin R
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 2007 May;164(5):820-3. doi: 10.1176/ajp.2007.164.5.820.
The assessment of self-injurious thoughts has been limited by a reliance on what individuals are willing or able to report explicitly. The authors examined a new method that measures self-injurious thoughts by using individuals' reaction times to self-injury-related stimuli on a computerized test.
Eighty-nine adolescents who were not self-injurious (N=36) or had recently engaged in nonsuicidal self-injury (N=53) completed two versions of the Self-Injury Implicit Association Test, which measure the automatic association of self-injury with oneself and with favorableness.
The tests revealed significant behavioral differences between the self-injurers and noninjurers. Moreover, test scores significantly improved the statistical prediction of nonsuicidal self-injury beyond that achieved with demographic and psychiatric factors.
These initial results support the validity of the Self-Injury Implicit Association Test as a performance-based measure of self-injurious thoughts. Future research should further examine the usefulness of incorporating implicit measures in risk assessment and decision-making procedures for self-injury and other sensitive clinical behaviors.
对自我伤害性想法的评估一直受到限制，因为依赖于个体愿意或能够明确报告的内容。作者研究了一种新方法，该方法通过在计算机化测试中利用个体对自我伤害相关刺激的反应时间来测量自我伤害性想法。
89名未进行自我伤害的青少年（N = 36）或最近有过非自杀性自我伤害行为的青少年（N = 53）完成了两个版本的自我伤害内隐联想测验，该测验测量自我伤害与自身以及与好感度之间的自动联想。
测试揭示了自我伤害者和非自我伤害者之间存在显著的行为差异。此外，测试分数显著提高了对非自杀性自我伤害的统计预测能力，超过了人口统计学和精神科因素所能达到的预测能力。
这些初步结果支持自我伤害内隐联想测验作为一种基于表现的自我伤害性想法测量方法的有效性。未来的研究应进一步探讨将内隐测量纳入自我伤害及其他敏感临床行为的风险评估和决策程序中的有用性。
