Hendricks Kristy M, Sansavero Mara, Houser Robert F, Tang Alice M, Wanke Christine A
Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
AIDS Read. 2007 Apr;17(4):211-6, 223-7.
Dietary supplement use was assessed in 368 HIV-infected patients enrolled in the Nutrition for Healthy Living cohort. The objective was to describe the dietary, demographic, and health characteristics of the HIV-infected persons who use different types of dietary supplements. Each patient was categorized in 1 of 4 dietary supplement groups. Extremes in intake of micronutrients were common. Men and women who consumed no supplements reported inadequate intakes of a number of micronutrients. Men using nonvitamin/nonmineral (NVNM) supplements had diets higher in fiber, protein, and 13 of 14 vitamins and minerals. Almost 90% of male NVNM supplement users ingested 1 or more vitamins or minerals in amounts above the tolerable upper limit. Male NVNM supplement users were more likely to be white, well educated, and receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy and more likely to have higher annual incomes, higher CD4 counts, and lower HIV RNA levels. HIV-infected women who were using NVNM supplements exhibited similar trends. Micronutrient inadequacy and excess are relatively common in persons living with HIV infection. Practitioners need to judiciously address optimal nutrient intake from both diet and dietary supplements in this population.
在“健康生活营养”队列研究中，对368名感染HIV的患者进行了膳食补充剂使用情况评估。目的是描述使用不同类型膳食补充剂的HIV感染者的饮食、人口统计学和健康特征。每位患者被归入4个膳食补充剂组中的一组。微量营养素摄入极端情况很常见。未服用补充剂的男性和女性报告多种微量营养素摄入不足。使用非维生素/非矿物质（NVNM）补充剂的男性饮食中纤维、蛋白质以及14种维生素和矿物质中的13种含量更高。近90%的男性NVNM补充剂使用者摄入的1种或多种维生素或矿物质超过了可耐受上限。男性NVNM补充剂使用者更可能是白人、受过良好教育、接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗，更可能年收入较高、CD4细胞计数较高且HIV RNA水平较低。使用NVNM补充剂的感染HIV的女性也表现出类似趋势。微量营养素不足和过量在HIV感染者中相对常见。从业者需要审慎处理该人群从饮食和膳食补充剂中获取最佳营养摄入的问题。
